Coppel S, Youmans G P
J Bacteriol. 1969 Jan;97(1):127-33. doi: 10.1128/jb.97.1.127-133.1969.
When mice immunized with Listeria monocytogenes were given a second injection of listeria, they showed an anamnestic immune response to intravenous challenge with listeria, as measured by enumeration of the viable infecting organisms in the spleens of the infected animals. This response was independent of the effects of the challenge dose. When mice immunized with living or heat-killed attenuated mycobacterial cells were boosted with living H37Ra, there was also an accelerated response to listeria challenge. The response was greater in the mice given the primary immunization with living cells than in those immunized with heat-killed cells. The response to listeria challenge in mice immunized and boosted with mycobacteria was of less magnitude than that in the mice immunized and boosted with listeria. Growth of listeria in the mice immunized and boosted with mycobacteria was retarded only during the first 2 days of the infection, whereas the infecting listeria in mice immunized and boosted with listeria were permanently inactivated. Mice immunized with mycobacterial ribosomal fraction and restimulated with living mycobacterial cells showed no accelerated response to listeria challenge. It is evident from these results that resistance to these organisms is specifically evoked, but that once evoked it is not completely nonspecific in action. Also, the resistance produced by the mycobacterial ribosomal fraction to challenge with mycobacteria is completely specific in action. Therefore, it has been shown that there are two mechanisms involved in acquired immunity to facultative, intracellular parasites. One is nonspecific and mediated by activated macrophages. The other is specific and mediated by a mechanism as yet unknown.
当用单核细胞增生李斯特菌免疫的小鼠再次注射该菌时，它们对静脉注射李斯特菌表现出回忆性免疫反应，这通过对感染动物脾脏中存活的感染性生物体进行计数来衡量。这种反应与攻击剂量的影响无关。当用活的或热灭活的减毒分枝杆菌细胞免疫的小鼠用活的H37Ra进行加强免疫时，对李斯特菌攻击也有加速反应。用活细胞进行初次免疫的小鼠的反应比用热灭活细胞免疫的小鼠更大。用分枝杆菌免疫和加强免疫的小鼠对李斯特菌攻击的反应程度低于用李斯特菌免疫和加强免疫的小鼠。在分枝杆菌免疫和加强免疫的小鼠中，李斯特菌的生长仅在感染的头两天受到抑制，而在李斯特菌免疫和加强免疫的小鼠中，感染的李斯特菌被永久灭活。用分枝杆菌核糖体组分免疫并用活的分枝杆菌细胞再次刺激的小鼠对李斯特菌攻击没有加速反应。从这些结果可以明显看出，对这些生物体的抗性是特异性诱发的，但一旦诱发，其作用并非完全非特异性。此外，分枝杆菌核糖体组分对分枝杆菌攻击产生的抗性在作用上是完全特异性的。因此，已经表明在对兼性细胞内寄生虫的获得性免疫中有两种机制。一种是非特异性的，由活化的巨噬细胞介导。另一种是特异性的，由一种尚不清楚的机制介导。
