Freese E B, Cole R M, Klofat W, Freese E
J Bacteriol. 1970 Mar;101(3):1046-62. doi: 10.1128/jb.101.3.1046-1062.1970.
Two glucosamine (GCA)-requiring mutants have been isolated which grow on glucose minimal or nutrient sporulation medium only in the presence of either GCA or acetyl-GCA. They lack the l-glutamine-d-fructose-6-phosphate aminotransferase (EC 2.6.1.13), which is repressible by GCA and whose activity in the standard strain decreases after cessation of growth. But the mutants can grow on GCA as sole carbon and ammonia source, because GCA induces the synthesis of 2-amino-2-deoxy-d-glucose-6-phosphate ketol-isomerase (deaminating) (EC 5.3.1.10). With respect to sporulation, the GCA-requiring mutants are in a serious dilemma, as GCA represses the onset of massive sporulation and yet a small amount of GCA-6-phosphate derivatives is necessary to allow sporulation. When GCA is continuously provided in small quantities, sporelike particles are produced which contain little or no spore cortex but a normal spore coat. Apparently, GCA derivatives are needed especially for cortex formation. Many of the sporelike particles can produce colonies after octanol, but not after heat treatment. When they are purified by treatment with lysozyme and sodium dodecylsulfate, they do not show the decrease in optical density at 600 nm typical of germination nor do they produce offspring.
已分离出两个需要葡萄糖胺（GCA）的突变体，它们仅在存在GCA或乙酰 - GCA的情况下才能在葡萄糖基本培养基或营养孢子形成培养基上生长。它们缺乏L - 谷氨酰胺 - D - 果糖 - 6 - 磷酸转氨酶（EC 2.6.1.13），该酶可被GCA抑制，且在标准菌株中其活性在生长停止后会降低。但是这些突变体可以以GCA作为唯一的碳源和氮源生长，因为GCA诱导2 - 氨基 - 2 - 脱氧 - D - 葡萄糖 - 6 - 磷酸酮醇异构酶（脱氨基）（EC 5.3.1.10）的合成。关于孢子形成，需要GCA的突变体处于严重的困境中，因为GCA会抑制大量孢子形成的开始，但少量的GCA - 6 - 磷酸衍生物对于允许孢子形成是必需的。当持续少量提供GCA时，会产生类似孢子的颗粒，这些颗粒几乎不含有或不含有孢子皮层，但有正常的孢子壁。显然，GCA衍生物对于皮层形成尤为重要。许多类似孢子的颗粒在经过辛醇处理后可以形成菌落，但经过热处理后则不行。当用溶菌酶和十二烷基硫酸钠处理对它们进行纯化时，它们在600nm处没有显示出典型的萌发时的光密度降低，也不会产生后代。
