Foxx R M, Rubinoff A
J Appl Behav Anal. 1979 Fall;12(3):335-44. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1979.12-335.
Excessive coffee drinking can have deleterious effects because of the large amounts of caffeine that are ingested. Caffeine is thought to be addicting, and prolonged and excessive use can lead to caffeinism, a condition that has serious behavioral and physiological side effects. The present study developed and evaluated a treatment program to reduce excessive daily coffee drinking to moderate and presumably safer levels. Three habitual coffee drinkers received individualized changing criterion programs that systematically and gradually reduced their daily caffeine intake. The coffee drinkers were required to self-monitor and plot their daily intake of caffeine. They received monetary prizes for not exceeding the treatment phase criteria and forfeited a portion of their pretreatment deposit when they did. Their coffee drinking decreased from almost nine cups per day (over 1100 mg of caffeine) during baseline to less than three cups per day (less than 343 mg) at the end of treatment or a reduction of 69%. The treatment effect was maintained during a 10-month follow-up, averaging a 67% reduction from baseline. The program appears to be a reasonable method of reducing and then maintaining daily caffeine intake at less harmful levels.
过量饮用咖啡可能会产生有害影响，因为会摄入大量咖啡因。咖啡因被认为会上瘾，长期过量使用会导致咖啡因中毒，这种情况会产生严重的行为和生理副作用。本研究制定并评估了一个治疗方案，以将每日过量饮用咖啡的量减少到适度且可能更安全的水平。三名习惯性咖啡饮用者接受了个性化的改变标准方案，该方案系统地、逐步地减少他们每日的咖啡因摄入量。这些咖啡饮用者被要求自我监测并记录他们每日的咖啡因摄入量。如果他们未超过治疗阶段标准，就会获得金钱奖励；如果超过标准，则会被没收一部分治疗前的保证金。他们的咖啡饮用量从基线期的每天近9杯（超过1100毫克咖啡因）降至治疗结束时的每天少于3杯（少于343毫克），即减少了69%。在为期10个月的随访期间，治疗效果得以维持，平均比基线期减少了67%。该方案似乎是一种将每日咖啡因摄入量减少并维持在危害较小水平的合理方法。
