Green M, Terman M, Terman J S
J Exp Anal Behav. 1979 Nov;32(3):363-72. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1979.32-363.
Rats discriminated auditory intensity differences of sinusoids at 3.0 kilohertz in a go/no-go signal detection procedure. Responses to the signal (hits) were reinforced with electrical brain stimulation, and misses produced a brief timeout. On intermixed noise trials, withholding of responses (correct rejections) was reinforced, and false alarms produced the time-out. In two test conditions, the signal was either the louder (100 decibels) or softer (90, 93, 96, or 99 decibels) of the pair of intensities presented within a set of trials. Each animal was first trained with signal value louder or softer, and reversed for the second condition so that the former noise value served as signal. Hits showed shorter latencies than false alarms, regardless of the relative intensity of signal and noise, and the magnitude of differentiation was proportional to signal-noise separation. Both hits and false alarms showed longer latencies as the discrimination became more difficult. Isosensitivity contours derived from the latencies showed close similarity across conditions; in comparison, the yes-no measure of detectability, d', showed greater variability. The similarity of latency differentiation across louder and softer signal conditions supports a detection model in which the observer's judgment is controlled by the distance of sensory effect from criterion on each trial, as opposed to the loudness of the tones per se.
在一个“是/否”信号检测程序中，大鼠能够辨别3.0千赫兹正弦波的听觉强度差异。对信号的反应（命中）通过脑电刺激得到强化，而未命中则导致短暂的超时。在混合噪声试验中，抑制反应（正确拒绝）得到强化，而误报则导致超时。在两种测试条件下，信号要么是一组试验中呈现的一对强度中较大的（100分贝），要么是较小的（90、93、96或99分贝）。每只动物首先接受较大或较小信号值的训练，然后在第二种条件下进行反转，使之前的噪声值作为信号。无论信号和噪声的相对强度如何，命中的潜伏期都比误报短，并且区分程度与信号-噪声分离成正比。随着辨别变得更加困难，命中和误报的潜伏期都变长。从潜伏期得出的等敏感性轮廓在不同条件下显示出密切的相似性；相比之下，可检测性的“是/否”度量d'显示出更大的变异性。在较大和较小信号条件下潜伏期区分的相似性支持了一种检测模型，在该模型中，观察者的判断由每次试验中感觉效应与标准的距离控制，而不是音调本身的响度。
