Schurter W, Kissling-Abderhalden M, Leisinger T
J Gen Microbiol. 1979 Aug;113(2):243-53. doi: 10.1099/00221287-113-2-243.
Streptomyces glaucescens ETH 22794 produced a variety of antibiotic substances. Besides low molecular weight antibiotics like hydroxystreptomycin and the tetracenomycins, this strain excreted glaucescin, a high molecular weight product with bacteriocin-like properties. In plate tests the antagonism of glaucescin against Streptomyces canadiensis was masked by the large inhibition zone caused by the tetracenomycins. Glaucescin activity was revealed when a tetracenomycin-resistant mutant of S. canadiensis NRRL 3155 was used as an indicator. Glaucesin was produced on complex and minimal solid and liquid media. It was not inducible by mitomycin C. The killing activity of glaucescin was thermolabile and resistant to DNAase, RNAase, various proteinases, and lipase. Its apparent molecular weight was estimated as 196000 by gel filtration and glycerol gradient centrifugation. Glaucescin preferentially killed outgrowing spores of S. canadiensis. Resting spores and mycelium were considerably less sensitive to the inhibitor, and adsorption of glaucescin by S. canadiensis paralleled sensitivity. The activity spectrum of the bacteriocin was restricted to spore-forming Actinomycetales. Non spore-forming nocardiae and a variety of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were resistant to glaucescin.
浅灰链霉菌ETH 22794能产生多种抗生素物质。除了像羟基链霉素和四环霉素这样的低分子量抗生素外，该菌株还分泌了浅灰菌素，一种具有类细菌素特性的高分子量产物。在平板试验中，浅灰菌素对加拿大链霉菌的拮抗作用被四环霉素产生的大抑制圈所掩盖。当使用加拿大链霉菌NRRL 3155的四环霉素抗性突变体作为指示菌时，浅灰菌素的活性得以显现。浅灰菌素在复杂和基本的固体及液体培养基上均可产生。它不受丝裂霉素C的诱导。浅灰菌素的杀伤活性对热不稳定，且对脱氧核糖核酸酶、核糖核酸酶、各种蛋白酶和脂肪酶具有抗性。通过凝胶过滤和甘油梯度离心法估计其表观分子量为196000。浅灰菌素优先杀死加拿大链霉菌正在生长的孢子。静止孢子和菌丝体对该抑制剂的敏感性要低得多，加拿大链霉菌对浅灰菌素的吸附情况与敏感性平行。这种细菌素的活性谱仅限于形成孢子的放线菌目。不形成孢子的诺卡氏菌以及多种革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌对浅灰菌素具有抗性。
