Robertson M A, Harington J S, Bradshaw E
Br J Cancer. 1971 Sep;25(3):385-94. doi: 10.1038/bjc.1971.49.
An attempt has been made to study the Transvaal lowveld by district and tribe in relation to cancer patterns, and to compare these with those of bordering regions.The lowveld is divided into four districts, running from north to south. There appears to be a real increase in the frequency of liver and bladder cancers from north to south. The low cancer measurements in the most northern district (Letaba) are probably due to low cancer susceptibility. When cancers appear more common in the north, this is of interest seen against the very low cancer rates there. Both skin and musculo-skeletal tumours were commoner in the two northern districts in the ratio study and this was to some extent still true in the crude rate estimations.Tribally, the Sothos predominate in the north, the Swazis in the south, the Shangaans are evenly distributed through the area. It appears that Sothos are less cancer-susceptible than the other tribes. Looking at geographic and tribal differences together it would seem that liver cancer is related to physical environment whereas bladder cancer is associated with tribe.An attempt to compare contiguous areas is made in a ratio study comparison between highveld, lowveld and Lourenco Marques. Standardised cancer morbidity incidence rates from three surveys: Lowveld (1962-67), Johannesburg (1953-55), and Lourenco Marques (1956-61) are also compared. Generally speaking, the lowveld occupies a mid-position, both geographically and in terms of cancer patterns, between Lourenco Marques and the highveld-Johannesburg area.
已尝试按地区和部落对德兰士瓦低地进行研究，以了解癌症模式，并将其与周边地区的模式进行比较。低地从北到南分为四个区。从北到南，肝癌和膀胱癌的发病率似乎确实在上升。最北部地区（莱塔巴）的癌症发病率较低，可能是因为癌症易感性较低。当癌症在北部显得更为常见时，鉴于该地区极低的癌症发病率，这一点就很值得关注。在比率研究中，皮肤和肌肉骨骼肿瘤在两个北部地区更为常见，在粗发病率估计中，在某种程度上情况仍然如此。从部落来看，北部以索托人为主，南部以斯威士人为主，尚加纳人则均匀分布在该地区。似乎索托人比其他部落对癌症的易感性更低。综合考虑地理和部落差异，肝癌似乎与自然环境有关，而膀胱癌则与部落有关。在一项比率研究中，对高地、低地和洛伦索马贵斯相邻地区进行了比较。还比较了三项调查的标准化癌症发病率：低地（1962 - 67年）、约翰内斯堡（1953 - 55年）和洛伦索马贵斯（1956 - 61年）。一般来说，低地在地理和癌症模式方面都处于洛伦索马贵斯与高地 - 约翰内斯堡地区之间的中间位置。
