Krista L M, Mora E C, McDaniel G R
Poult Sci. 1979 May;58(3):738-44. doi: 10.3382/ps.0580738.
Some features of the aortic intima were examined with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) and found to contribute to the etiology of dissecting aneurysm. The endothelium over intimal plaques was not as pendulous as endothelium surrounding plaques. The pendulous appearance of aortic endothelial cells could be associated with the contractile nature of these cells. Some undescribable factor, which has been termed stress or atherosclerosis, seemed to reduce the contractile nature of endothelial cells on the plaque areas. Analyses with SEM revealed a probable cause of a dissecting aneurysm. The effect of pulsating blood pressure on an inelastic endothelium could create a separation between endothelial cells and the fluid pressure of blood could then separate the tissue until the vessel ruptured into the body cavity or back into the aorta. Because all abdominal aortic segments examined had atherosclerosis, it was not possible to show the amount of intimal alteration between normal and atherosclerotic aortas. Each blood pressure line showed a similar change which was 4.52 and 4.95% for the high and low blood pressure lines, respectively. There were no demonstrable correlations in this study between either high or low blood pressure lines of turkeys and atherosclerosis.
利用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对主动脉内膜的一些特征进行了检查，发现这些特征与夹层动脉瘤的病因有关。内膜斑块上方的内皮不像斑块周围的内皮那样呈下垂状。主动脉内皮细胞的下垂外观可能与其收缩特性有关。某种难以描述的因素，被称为应激或动脉粥样硬化，似乎降低了斑块区域内皮细胞的收缩特性。扫描电子显微镜分析揭示了夹层动脉瘤的一个可能病因。搏动性血压对无弹性内皮的作用可能导致内皮细胞分离，然后血液的流体压力可能使组织分离，直到血管破裂进入体腔或回到主动脉。由于检查的所有腹主动脉段都有动脉粥样硬化，因此无法显示正常主动脉和动脉粥样硬化主动脉之间内膜改变的程度。每条血压线都显示出类似的变化，高血压线和低血压线分别为4.52%和4.95%。在这项研究中，火鸡的高血压线或低血压线与动脉粥样硬化之间均无明显相关性。
