Osterhammel D, Osterhammel P
Scand Audiol. 1979;8(2):73-81. doi: 10.3109/01050397909076304.
286 normal subject representing both sexes and seven age groups from 10 to greater than or equal to 70 years were tested with both conventional pure tone audiometry and high frequency audiometry (4--20 kHz) using a previously described free field system. The subjects were selected according to very strict criteria. Results from conventional audiometry are similar to other findings in presbycusis studies, though sex difference was seen for the oldest age groups, but only at the frequencies 4 and 5 kHz where the male population showed a significantly poorer hearing. The same sex difference was observed by high frequency audiometry at 4 and 8 kHz. From 10--20 kHz no sex difference was present. At the high frequencies there is an abrupt decrease in hearing sensitivity already from youth. Hitherto, no international standard for zero dB hearing level exists for frequencies above 8 kHz. It is questioned whether a general standard is meaningful at all and that normative data for various age groups should instead be used as a reference level.
对286名代表不同性别的正常受试者进行了测试，他们分属于7个年龄组，年龄从10岁至70岁及以上。测试采用了先前描述的自由声场系统，分别进行了传统纯音听力测定和高频听力测定（4 - 20千赫）。受试者是根据非常严格的标准挑选出来的。传统听力测定的结果与老年聋研究中的其他发现相似，尽管在最年长的年龄组中发现了性别差异，但仅在4千赫和5千赫频率处，男性群体的听力明显较差。高频听力测定在4千赫和8千赫处也观察到了相同的性别差异。在10 - 20千赫之间不存在性别差异。在高频段，听力敏感度从年轻时就开始急剧下降。迄今为止，对于8千赫以上的频率，尚无国际零分贝听力水平标准。有人质疑通用标准是否有意义，是否应该改用各年龄组的标准数据作为参考水平。
