Anthony B F, Wannamaker L W
J Exp Med. 1967 Feb 1;125(2):319-36. doi: 10.1084/jem.125.2.319.
A standardized, full thickness, dermal burn in rabbits was used to study interference between strains of Staph. aureus inoculated on the wound surface. Several strains appeared equally capable of colonizing lesions and of preventing superinfection by other staphylococci inoculated at a later time. In addition, cross-infection between rabbits colonized by different strains (502A and Q461) and placed together in cages was prevented, presumably by the same mechanism. Interference appeared to be a strictly local phenomenon, since it did not occur when an animal was colonized by strain 502A at one burn site and subsequently challenged with strain Q461 at a separate lesion. For interference to occur, a minimal time interval (9 hr) was required between inoculation of the interfering strain and inoculation of the challenge strain. In vivo growth rates indicated rapid growth in the first 24 hr by the interfering strain but no detectable multiplication by the challenge strain. Heat-killed staphylococci, even in large numbers, were incapable of producing interference. Penicillin treatment of animals colonized by strain 502A (penicillin-sensitive) abolished interference with strain Q461 (penicillin-resistant). These findings indicate that bacterial multiplication by the interfering strain is an essential feature of this phenomenon. The mechanism of interference between strains of Staph. aureus remains obscure. There was no evidence in these studies for direct bacterial antagonism in vitro or in vivo between most of the strains examined; yet, all were capable of producing interference. Attempts to identify antistaphylococcal activity in passively transferred tissue homogenates and serum collected from infected animals were also negative. The ability of large inocula of staphylococci grown in broth to superinfect colonized lesions indicates that the numerical superiority of the interfering strain over the challenge strain is an important aspect of interference. The observation that in vivo-grown organisms may superinfect in significantly smaller quantities is suggestive of a qualitative advantage as well.
采用兔全层标准皮肤烧伤模型来研究接种于创面的金黄色葡萄球菌菌株之间的相互干扰作用。几种菌株在定殖于损伤部位以及预防后续接种的其他葡萄球菌的重叠感染方面表现出同等能力。此外，通过同一机制，不同菌株（502A和Q461）定殖的兔子放在一起饲养时，交叉感染得以预防。干扰似乎是一种严格的局部现象，因为当动物在一处烧伤部位被502A菌株定殖，随后在另一处损伤部位受到Q461菌株攻击时，干扰并未发生。为了发生干扰，在接种干扰菌株和接种攻击菌株之间需要一个最短时间间隔（9小时）。体内生长速率表明，干扰菌株在前24小时内快速生长，但攻击菌株未检测到增殖。热灭活的葡萄球菌，即使数量很多，也无法产生干扰。对被502A菌株（对青霉素敏感）定殖的动物进行青霉素治疗，消除了对Q461菌株（对青霉素耐药）的干扰。这些发现表明，干扰菌株的细菌增殖是这一现象的一个基本特征。金黄色葡萄球菌菌株之间的干扰机制仍不清楚。在这些研究中，没有证据表明所检测的大多数菌株在体外或体内存在直接的细菌拮抗作用；然而，所有菌株都能够产生干扰。在从感染动物收集的被动转移组织匀浆和血清中鉴定抗葡萄球菌活性的尝试也均为阴性。肉汤中生长的大量葡萄球菌接种物对定殖损伤部位进行重叠感染的能力表明，干扰菌株相对于攻击菌株的数量优势是干扰的一个重要方面。体内生长的生物体可能以明显较少的数量进行重叠感染这一观察结果也提示存在质量上的优势。
