Gormley I P, Collings P, Davis J M, Ottery J
Br J Exp Pathol. 1979 Oct;60(5):526-36.
A series of respirable dusts from British collieries was collected and analysed for mineral content and physical characteristics. Where possible 2 samples of dust were collected from the same site at 8-month intervals. All dusts were tested for their cytotoxic potential using a permanent line of macrophage-like cells (P388D1). In addition, for some dusts, a haemolytic technique was used. With both techniques a positive overall correlation was found between cytotoxicity and the total ash content of the dusts. When the results from collieries producing high- and low-rank coals were considered separately, however, it was found that the ash content of high-rank dusts (r=0.75) showed a much closer correlation with cytotoxicity than low-rank dusts (r=0.40). With the cell test system the ash components, kaolin and mica (r=0.58) and to a lesser extent quartz (r=0.48) showed significant positive correlations with cytotoxicity for high-rank coal dusts but not for low. Using the haemolytic system, however, only the quartz content of the high-rank dusts showed a significant relationship (r=0.69) to levels of haemoglobin release. Both the results of mineralogical analysis of dust samples and cytotoxicity tests showed that the mineral content and cytotoxic potential of dusts collected from the same colliery, and even from the same underground site, at different times, varied considerably. A poor correlation was found between cytotoxicity and various measurements of pneumoconiosis risk but this may well be partly due to this great variation of dust composition with time. In general, the overall results of this study were in good agreement with those of previous work on coal dust toxicity in that both the rank and composition of colliery dusts were found to be of importance, whereas the role of quartz remained enigmatic.
收集了英国煤矿的一系列可吸入粉尘，并对其矿物质含量和物理特性进行了分析。在可能的情况下，每隔8个月从同一地点采集2份粉尘样本。使用永久性巨噬细胞样细胞系（P388D1）对所有粉尘的细胞毒性潜力进行了测试。此外，对一些粉尘采用了溶血技术。两种技术均发现粉尘的细胞毒性与总灰分含量之间存在正相关。然而，当分别考虑生产高变质煤和低变质煤的煤矿的结果时，发现高变质粉尘的灰分含量（r = 0.75）与细胞毒性的相关性比低变质粉尘（r = 0.40）更紧密。在细胞测试系统中，对于高变质煤粉尘，灰分成分高岭土和云母（r = 0.58）以及程度稍低的石英（r = 0.48）与细胞毒性呈显著正相关，而低变质煤粉尘则不然。然而，使用溶血系统时，仅高变质粉尘的石英含量与血红蛋白释放水平呈显著关系（r = 0.69）。粉尘样本的矿物学分析结果和细胞毒性测试均表明，从同一煤矿甚至同一地下场所不同时间采集的粉尘，其矿物含量和细胞毒性潜力差异很大。细胞毒性与尘肺病风险的各种测量值之间的相关性较差，但这很可能部分归因于粉尘成分随时间的巨大变化。总体而言，本研究的总体结果与先前关于煤尘毒性的研究结果高度一致，即发现煤矿粉尘的变质程度和成分都很重要，而石英的作用仍然难以捉摸。
