Klinner W, Kreuzer E, Türk R
Prog Pediatr Surg. 1979;13:131-6.
There were 51 deaths following cardiac operation in children under one year of age. Nearly all these children were operated upon without using a cardiopulmonary bypass. The commonest cause of death was intra- or postoperative cardiac arrest usually occurring in patients with complex cardiac anomalies. The second most commonest cause was repiratory deficiency. In children between the ages of 2 and 14 years (91 deaths in 1859 patients, i.e. a mortality of 4.64%), the commonest cause of death was cardio-vascular insufficiency usually caused by the operation. In patients with tetralogy of Fallot (147 deaths amongst 709 patients) one must distinguish between right sided and left sided cardiac insufficiency. Here the next commonest cause of death was bronchopneumonia with septicaemia usually as a result of long term artificial respiration. Other causes of death such as haemorrhages and embolic phenomena are much less important. In order to lower the mortality, better postoperative treatment in an intensive therapy unit especially for children undergoing cardiac operations is suggested.
1岁以下儿童心脏手术后有51例死亡。几乎所有这些儿童手术时均未使用体外循环。最常见的死亡原因是术中和术后心脏骤停，通常发生在患有复杂心脏畸形的患者中。第二常见的原因是呼吸功能不全。在2至14岁的儿童中（1859例患者中有91例死亡，即死亡率为4.64%），最常见的死亡原因是通常由手术引起的心血管功能不全。在法洛四联症患者中（709例患者中有147例死亡），必须区分右侧和左侧心脏功能不全。在此，第二常见的死亡原因是通常因长期人工呼吸导致的支气管肺炎伴败血症。其他死亡原因如出血和栓塞现象则不太重要。为了降低死亡率，建议在重症监护病房对接受心脏手术的儿童进行更好的术后治疗。
