Neuman T S, Goad R F, Hall D, Smith R M, Claybaugh J R, Hong S K
Undersea Biomed Res. 1979 Sep;6(3):291-302.
The dive was carried out in the open sea to a depth of 850 fsw (26.7 ATA) for 6 days (DD 1--6) in the saturated mode, with personnel transfer capsule (PTC) excursions between 0 and 150 fsw and diver excursions between 0 and 50 fsw from the saturation base. Each diver had two excursion dives on alternate days. Although each PTC excursion lasted approximately 7 h, the actual time spent in the water averaged 10.5 min per diver. For 12 divers, daily excretion of water, electrolytes, aldosterone, and antidiuretic hormone (ADH) was studied, along with plasma composition (including prolactin), before, during, and after hyperbaric exposure. A significant increase in urine flow was observed on DD2--4 (1604 ml/day predive vs. 2300 ml/day on DD 4; P less than 0.05), after which the degree of diuresis decreased to about 1800 ml/day. Urine osmolality changed inversely with urine flow, with the lowest value of 532 mOsm/kg on DD 4. During the postdive period, both urine flow and urine osmolality returned to the predive level. The endogenous creatinine clearance was maintained at about 200 liters/day throughout the dive. The fractional excretion of Na+ remained unchanged while that of K+ increased significantly during hyperbaric exposure, thus decreasing the urinary Na+/K+ ratio. The fractional excretion of total osmotic substances showed a small hyperbaric exposure. Body weight decreased progressively during the initial 4 days of pressure exposure, equalling 2.6 kg on DD 4. These findings suggest that the observed diuresis may be accompanied by a net loss of body water. Neither the plasma prolactin level nor urinary excretion of aldosterone and ADHshowed any consistent change throughout the dive. It thus appears that, although there is a small osmotic component, the observed diuresis is primarily due to the ADH-independent inhibition of fre water reabsorption from the collecting duct by means of a mechanism yet to be identified.
潜水在公海进行，深度为850英尺海水深度（26.7绝对大气压），以饱和模式持续6天（第1 - 6天），人员转移舱（PTC）的活动范围在0至150英尺海水深度之间，潜水员的活动范围在距饱和基地0至50英尺海水深度之间。每位潜水员每隔一天进行两次活动潜水。尽管每次PTC活动持续约7小时，但每位潜水员在水中实际花费的时间平均为10.5分钟。对12名潜水员在高压暴露前、期间和之后的水、电解质、醛固酮和抗利尿激素（ADH）的每日排泄情况以及血浆成分（包括催乳素）进行了研究。在第2 - 4天观察到尿量显著增加（潜水前为1604毫升/天，第4天为2300毫升/天；P小于0.05），之后利尿程度降至约1800毫升/天。尿渗透压与尿量呈相反变化，第4天最低值为532毫摩尔/千克。在潜水后阶段，尿量和尿渗透压均恢复到潜水前水平。整个潜水过程中内生肌酐清除率维持在约200升/天。高压暴露期间，Na⁺的分数排泄保持不变，而K⁺的分数排泄显著增加，从而降低了尿Na⁺/K⁺比值。总渗透物质的分数排泄显示有轻微的高压暴露。在压力暴露的最初4天内体重逐渐下降，第4天为2.6千克。这些发现表明，观察到的利尿可能伴随着身体水分的净流失。在整个潜水过程中，血浆催乳素水平以及醛固酮和ADH的尿排泄均未显示出任何一致的变化。因此，虽然存在小的渗透成分，但观察到的利尿主要是由于一种尚未确定的机制对集合管中自由水重吸收的不依赖ADH的抑制作用。
