中枢性抑制剂对脑血管的影响：在大鼠正常碳酸血症和高碳酸血症期间对氧化亚氮、氟烷、戊巴比妥和乙醇的研究

Cerebrovascular effects of central depressants: a study of nitrous oxide, halothane, pentobarbital and ethanol during normocapnia and hypercapnia in the rat.

作者信息

Hemmingsen R, Barry D I, Hertz M M

出版信息

Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1979 Oct;45(4):287-95. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02395.x.

DOI:10.1111/j.1600-0773.1979.tb02395.x

Abstract

The effect of the central depressants nitrous oxide, halothane, pentobarbital and ethanol upon cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral oxygen consumption (CMRO2) and cerebral vascular reactivity to carbon dioxide were measured using the rapid and repetitive intraarterial 133Xenon injection technique modified for rat studies. The cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) during normocapnia in the pentobarbital group was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) than in the nitrous oxide group thus indicating a vasoconstrictor effect of pentobarbital that may be clinically important, because the ability of barbiturates to contract vessels in healthy brain regions may partly explain the protective properties of these drugs against cerebral ischemia. The results indicated that pentobarbital and ethanol may act synergistically with carbon dioxide in depressing CMRO2 and cerebral vascular reactivity. Finally, it is concluded that nitrous oxide anaesthesia (70% N2O: 30% O2) is suitable as a reference situation in rat studies of the effect of pharmocological agents on CBF, CMRO2 and cerebrovascular reactivity.

摘要

使用为大鼠研究改进的快速重复动脉内注射¹³³氙技术，测量了中枢抑制剂氧化亚氮、氟烷、戊巴比妥和乙醇对脑血流量（CBF）、脑氧耗量（CMRO₂）以及脑血管对二氧化碳反应性的影响。戊巴比妥组在正常碳酸血症时的脑血管阻力（CVR）显著高于氧化亚氮组（P<0.01），这表明戊巴比妥具有血管收缩作用，这在临床上可能很重要，因为巴比妥类药物在健康脑区收缩血管的能力可能部分解释了这些药物对脑缺血的保护特性。结果表明，戊巴比妥和乙醇在降低CMRO₂和脑血管反应性方面可能与二氧化碳起协同作用。最后得出结论，在大鼠研究药理剂对CBF、CMRO₂和脑血管反应性的影响时，氧化亚氮麻醉（70% N₂O: 30% O₂）适合作为参考状态。