Cooper J R, Mattsson J L
Am J Vet Res. 1979 Aug;40(8):1057-61.
Promethazine (2 mg/kg), cimetidine (4 mg/kg), thiethylperazine (0.86 mg/kg), and naloxone (0.08 mg/kg) were each evaluated for their ability to increase the threshold of radiation-induced emesis in the dog. Each dog was fed a can of dog food (ca 0.4 kg) and then injected IM with the appropriate drug 1 hour before being irradiated by a 60Co teletherapy unit. The total radiation dose given an individual dog was determined by an up-and-down exposure schedule. Dogs were then observed continuously for 10 hours while the number, time of onset, and duration of each emetic episode were monitored. The dose of radiation causing emesis in 50% (ED50 +/- SEM) of control dogs was 170 +/- 38.5 rad. The ED50 +/- SEM was increased to 402 +/- 18.6 rad by promethazine, to 331 +/- 27.3 rad by cimetidine, and to 320 +/- 38.5 rad by thiethylperazine. This increased tolerance was significant at P less than 0.05 for each drug. The ED50 for naloxone was 262.5 +/- 92.9 rad, which was not a statistically significant increase in threshold.
分别评估了异丙嗪（2毫克/千克）、西咪替丁（4毫克/千克）、硫乙拉嗪（0.86毫克/千克）和纳洛酮（0.08毫克/千克）提高犬辐射致吐阈值的能力。每只犬喂食一罐狗粮（约0.4千克），然后在接受60钴远距离治疗机照射前1小时肌肉注射相应药物。通过上下照射方案确定给予每只犬的总辐射剂量。然后连续观察犬10小时，同时监测每次呕吐发作的次数、发作时间和持续时间。50%（ED50±标准误）对照犬发生呕吐的辐射剂量为170±38.5拉德。异丙嗪使ED50±标准误增至402±18.6拉德，西咪替丁使其增至331±27.3拉德，硫乙拉嗪使其增至320±38.5拉德。每种药物的这种耐受性增加在P<0.05时具有统计学意义。纳洛酮的ED50为262.5±92.9拉德，阈值增加无统计学意义。
