Marsh W L, Ehrich C C
Infusionsther Klin Ernahr. 1975 Aug;2(4):280-9. doi: 10.1159/000219636.
Five antigenic specificities are associated with the Duffy blood group system. Fya, Fyb, By3 and Fy4 are under the genetic control of a locus near the centromere of chromosome 1. Fy5 is absent from Fy (a-b-) red cells and also from cells that have the Rhnull phenotype. It appears that interaction between Duffy and Rh gene products may be necessary for synthesis of Fy5 antigen. Most Caucasians have a Fya or Fyb gene (or both), inherited by strict Mendelian principles. No evidence has been found to suggest that independently segregating Duffy modifying genes exist. The frequency of Duffy genes varies greatly in different sections of the world population. Aboriginal populations have a high frequency of Fya, Fyb is the most common gene in European Caucasians, and Negroes have a high frequency of an allele named Fy. Anti-Fya is the most common Duffy antibody and is found most frequently in the serum of Caucasians immunized by blood transfusion. The Fya antigen is about 40 times less immunogenic than K antigen of the Kell system. Only about one anti-Fyb serum is found foe every 20 that are anti-Fya. The Fya and Fyb red cell antigen receptors are inactivated by proteolytic enzymes but not by neuraminidase. Sialic acid does not appear to be an essential component of the antigen structure. Duffy antigens appear to be thermolabile membrane proteins and they are not present in a soluble form in plasma or in body secretions.
达菲血型系统与五种抗原特异性相关。Fya、Fyb、By3和Fy4受1号染色体着丝粒附近一个基因座的遗传控制。Fy5在Fy(a-b-)红细胞以及具有Rhnull表型的细胞中不存在。似乎达菲基因产物与Rh基因产物之间的相互作用可能是Fy5抗原合成所必需的。大多数高加索人有一个Fya或Fyb基因（或两者都有），按严格的孟德尔遗传原则遗传。未发现有证据表明存在独立分离的达菲修饰基因。达菲基因在世界不同人群中的频率差异很大。原住民群体中Fya频率较高，Fyb是欧洲高加索人中最常见的基因，而黑人中一个名为Fy的等位基因频率较高。抗Fya是最常见的达菲抗体，最常出现在因输血而免疫的高加索人的血清中。Fya抗原的免疫原性比凯尔系统的K抗原约低40倍。每20份抗Fya血清中大约只能发现1份抗Fyb血清。Fya和Fyb红细胞抗原受体可被蛋白水解酶灭活，但不能被神经氨酸酶灭活。唾液酸似乎不是抗原结构的必需成分。达菲抗原似乎是不耐热的膜蛋白，它们不以可溶形式存在于血浆或身体分泌物中。
