Marsh W L
CRC Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci. 1975 Mar;5(4):387-412. doi: 10.3109/10408367509107049.
In 1950 a new blood group antibody was recognized in the serum of a multi-transfused hemophiliac patient. The reactive red-cell antigen was identified in 65% of random caucasians, and the systemic name Duffy was proposed. Two common antigens, Fy-a and Fy-b, were recognized and shown to be products of autosomal allelic genes, but the great majority of negro individuals were found to lack both antigens. In 1968 genetic studies showed Duffy to be linked to Un-1, which is an inherited structural variation of chromosome number 1. Duffy thus became the first autosomal blood group gene to be allocated to a specific chromosome. Recent studies have allowed recognition of three new antibodies (anti-Fy3, anti-Fy4, and anti-Fy5) in the Duffy system. The Rh blood group locus has also been assigned to chromosome 1, and there is evidence that the antigen defined by anti-Fy5 is a product of interaction between Duffy and Rh genes. The Duffy blood group appears to be one of importance in clinical blood transfusion practice, and possibly makes the greatest distinction of any of the red cell systems between different groups of the world population.
1950年，在一位多次输血的血友病患者血清中发现了一种新的血型抗体。在65%的随机高加索人中鉴定出了反应性红细胞抗原，并提出了系统名称达菲（Duffy）。识别出了两种常见抗原，即Fy - a和Fy - b，并证明它们是常染色体等位基因的产物，但发现绝大多数黑人个体缺乏这两种抗原。1968年的遗传学研究表明，达菲血型与Un - 1相关联，Un - 1是1号染色体的一种遗传性结构变异。因此，达菲成为第一个被定位到特定染色体上的常染色体血型基因。最近的研究发现，在达菲血型系统中又识别出了三种新抗体（抗Fy3、抗Fy4和抗Fy5）。Rh血型位点也已定位到1号染色体，并且有证据表明抗Fy5所定义的抗原是达菲基因和Rh基因相互作用的产物。达菲血型在临床输血实践中似乎是一个重要的血型系统，并且可能是红细胞系统中在世界不同人群之间差异最大的一个。
