Idvall J, Ahlgren I, Aronsen K R, Stenberg P
Br J Anaesth. 1979 Dec;51(12):1167-73. doi: 10.1093/bja/51.12.1167.
The clinical effects and pharmacokinetics of ketamine, administered as an i.v. infusion, were studied in 31 patients. Anaesthesia was induced with ketamine 2 mg kg-1 i.v. and maintained using an i.v. infusion of ketamine, supplemented by nitrous oxide. The plasma concentrations of ketamine, nor-ketamine and dehydro-nor-ketamine were analysed using gas-liquid chromatography. The average maintenance dose of ketamine was 41 +/- 21 microgram kg-1 min-1, but there was an obvious decrease in the dose required as anaesthesia progressed. This dose gave a stable plasma concentration of ketamine of 9.3 +/- 0.8 mumol litre-1. Patients recovered at 2.7 +/- 0.9 mumol litre-1. Plasma half-life of ketamine was 79 +/- 8 min. Maximum concentration of nor-ketamine was 4.7 +/- 2.4 mumol litre-1 and of dehydro-nor-ketamine 3.2 +/- 1.9 mumol litre-1. There were transient increases (15-30% of pre anaesthetic values) in arterial pressure, heart rate and cardiac output during operation. No post-operative respiratory depression was seen.
对31例患者进行了研究，以静脉输注方式给予氯胺酮，观察其临床效果和药代动力学。静脉注射2mg/kg氯胺酮诱导麻醉，并用氯胺酮静脉输注维持麻醉，同时补充氧化亚氮。采用气液色谱法分析氯胺酮、去甲氯胺酮和脱氢去甲氯胺酮的血浆浓度。氯胺酮的平均维持剂量为41±21μg/kg-1min-1，但随着麻醉进程所需剂量明显降低。该剂量使氯胺酮的血浆浓度稳定在9.3±0.8μmol/L。患者在血浆浓度为2.7±0.9μmol/L时苏醒。氯胺酮的血浆半衰期为79±8分钟。去甲氯胺酮的最大浓度为4.7±2.4μmol/L，脱氢去甲氯胺酮为3.2±1.9μmol/L。手术期间动脉压、心率和心输出量有短暂升高（为麻醉前值的15-30%）。未观察到术后呼吸抑制。
