Goldstein E B
J Exp Psychol Hum Percept Perform. 1979 Feb;5(1):78-87. doi: 10.1037//0096-1523.5.1.78.
As an observer views a picture from different viewing angles, objects in the picture appear to change orientation relative to the observer, but some objects change orientation more than others. This difference in rotation for different objects is called the differential rotation effect. The differential rotation is not, however, accompanied by corresponding changes in the perception of the spatial layout of objects in the picture. This lack of correspondence between the perception of rotation and the perception of spatial layout is a result of the fact that the information on a picture's surface defines two kinds of pictorial space with different properties. Rotation is perceived in terms of the pictorial space outside the picture, and spatial layout is perceived in terms of the pictorial space inside the picture.
当观察者从不同视角观看一幅图片时，图片中的物体相对于观察者而言似乎会改变方向，但有些物体比其他物体改变得更多。不同物体在旋转上的这种差异被称为差异旋转效应。然而，这种差异旋转并未伴随着图片中物体空间布局感知的相应变化。旋转感知与空间布局感知之间缺乏对应关系，是因为图片表面的信息定义了两种具有不同属性的图像空间。旋转是根据图片之外的图像空间来感知的，而空间布局是根据图片内部的图像空间来感知的。
