Ogden J A, Conlogue G J, Bronson M L, Jensen P S
Skeletal Radiol. 1979;4(4):189-95. doi: 10.1007/BF00347212.
Thirty-six manubriosternal composites from skeletally immature cadavers were examined morphologically and radiographically. Sternebral ossification followed certain patterns. The manubrium (first sternebra) usually had one primary ossification center and one or two smaller centers. These usually were caudad to the major center (longitudinally bifid). The second sternebra invariably had only one ossification center. The third and fourth sternebrae had latitudinal (right-left) bifid ossification centers, undoubtedly a result of the original formation of the sternum from two longitudinal mesenchymal anlagen. Occasionally the fourth sternebra exhibited longitudinally bifid ossification. The usual pattern was ossification of four sternebrae, although a fifth was intermittently present. The xiphisternum (not a true sternebra) was infrequently ossified.
对36个来自骨骼未成熟尸体的胸骨柄体复合物进行了形态学和放射学检查。胸骨骨化遵循一定模式。胸骨柄（第一块胸骨）通常有一个主要骨化中心和一两个较小的中心。这些较小的中心通常位于主要中心的尾侧（纵向双裂）。第二块胸骨总是只有一个骨化中心。第三和第四块胸骨有横向（左右）双裂的骨化中心，这无疑是由于胸骨最初由两个纵向间充质原基形成的结果。偶尔，第四块胸骨会出现纵向双裂骨化。通常的模式是四块胸骨骨化，尽管偶尔会出现第五块。剑突（并非真正的胸骨）很少骨化。
