Bryant H J, Blankenship J E
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1979 Sep;47(3):561-7. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1979.47.3.561.
Resting potential and action potential parameters of crayfish (Procambarus acutus) single axon were examined under hyperbaric air and hydrostatic pressure to 8.6 atmospheres absolute to determine if evidence for the basis of neurological dysfunctions that may occur in diving in this pressure range is detectable at the membrane level. Hyperbaric air increased the maximum rates of depolarization and repolarization of the action potential by (2.2 +/- 0.2) and (2.1 +/- 0.2)%/atm, respectively. Hydrostatic pressure had an opposite effect, decreasing the maximum rates of depolarization and repolarization by (0.57 +/- 0.13) and (0.9 +/- 0.3)%/atm, respectively. Action potential duration was decreased (0.91 +/- 0.19)%/atm by hyperbaric air. Action potential amplitude, resting potential, and threshold were unchanged by increasing pressure. Increasing the nitrogen tension alone produced results consistent with hyperbaric air compression. Thus, increased hydrostatic and nitrogen pressures oppositely affect the rates of polarization of the action potential in a reversible manner at pressures in the range encountered by human divers.
在高达8.6绝对大气压的高压空气和静水压力条件下，研究了小龙虾（尖刺原螯虾）单轴突的静息电位和动作电位参数，以确定在该压力范围内潜水时可能出现的神经功能障碍的基础证据在膜水平上是否可检测到。高压空气使动作电位的最大去极化速率和复极化速率分别以（2.2±0.2）%/大气压和（2.1±0.2）%/大气压的幅度增加。静水压力则产生相反的效果，使最大去极化速率和复极化速率分别以（0.57±0.13）%/大气压和（0.9±0.3）%/大气压的幅度降低。高压空气使动作电位持续时间以（0.91±0.19）%/大气压的幅度缩短。动作电位幅度、静息电位和阈值不受压力增加的影响。仅增加氮气张力产生的结果与高压空气压缩一致。因此，在人类潜水所遇到的压力范围内，静水压力和氮气压力的增加以可逆的方式对动作电位的极化速率产生相反的影响。
