Kendig J J, Schneider T M, Cohen E N
J Appl Physiol Respir Environ Exerc Physiol. 1978 Nov;45(5):742-6. doi: 10.1152/jappl.1978.45.5.742.
Increases in nerve axon excitability, including repetitive activity, have from time to time been reported in nerves subjected to high hydrostatic pressure. With the description of the high-pressure nervous syndrome (HPNS) in human divers and experimental animals, this phenomenon is of interest as a possible basis for the hyperexcitability associated with HPNS. The present study was designed to define the relationships between temperature, pressure, and repetitive activity in isolated crayfish axons. Crayfish claw nerves were exposed to helium pressures between 1 and 200 atmospheres absolute (ATA) in a temperature-controlled recording chamber. Repetitive and spontaneous impulses were reliably evoked on compression. The probability of repetitive response was increased by low temperature and high pressure; the frequency of the repetitive activity was increased by high temperature and pressure. Repetitive activity appeared spontaneously in the unstimulated preparation but could be entrained by the stimulus. The results are consistent with a mechanism involving changes in nerve membrane lipid fluidity and in the time course of membrane ionic channel state changes, including those involved in repolarization and accommodation.
在承受高静水压力的神经中，不时有关于神经轴突兴奋性增加（包括重复活动）的报道。随着人类潜水员和实验动物中高压神经综合征（HPNS）的描述，这种现象作为与HPNS相关的过度兴奋的可能基础而备受关注。本研究旨在确定分离的小龙虾轴突中温度、压力和重复活动之间的关系。小龙虾爪神经在温度控制的记录室中暴露于1至200个绝对大气压（ATA）的氦压力下。在压缩时可靠地诱发重复和自发冲动。低温和高压增加了重复反应的概率；高温和压力增加了重复活动的频率。重复活动在未受刺激的制剂中自发出现，但可被刺激夹带。结果与一种机制一致，该机制涉及神经膜脂质流动性的变化以及膜离子通道状态变化的时间过程，包括那些参与复极化和适应的变化。
