Gründorfer W, Raber A
Br J Ind Med. 1970 Apr;27(2):110-20. doi: 10.1136/oem.27.2.110.
110-120. The first case of silicosis was discovered in a granite quarry and crushing plant in Lower Austria in 1958 after 30 years of freedom. A routine ϰ-ray survey then revealed no further cases but three more cases were discovered in the next two years. Detailed investigation revealed that these and further cases came from the area where the granite was crushed and loaded. In 10 years 18 cases were found out of a labour force of 170 falling to 120. Average exposure was 15 years and the disease tended to progress. Fifteen of the 18 cases came from the crushing plant where only 20 men were at risk, indicating a very high incidence within 15 years of first exposure. The risk is attributed to increased size and working capacity of the machines without improved dust suppression. This had led to dust levels over 10 times the accepted maximum in places. As well as more effective dust suppression, a reduction in staff, the wearing of masks and effective medical supervision of those particularly at risk are recommended.
110 - 120。1958年，在奥地利下奥地利州的一个花岗岩采石场和碎石厂发现了首例矽肺病患者，此前该地区30年未出现过此类病例。随后的一次常规X射线检查未发现更多病例，但在接下来的两年里又发现了3例。详细调查发现，这些病例以及更多病例都来自花岗岩被破碎和装载的区域。在10年时间里，在170名劳动力（后来降至120名）中发现了18例病例。平均接触矽尘时间为15年，病情有发展趋势。18例中的15例来自碎石厂，该厂只有20名工人面临风险，这表明首次接触矽尘后15年内发病率极高。风险归因于机器尺寸增大和生产能力提高，但抑尘措施未改进。这导致一些地方的粉尘水平超过公认最大值的10倍以上。建议除采取更有效的抑尘措施外，还应减少员工数量、佩戴口罩并对高危人员进行有效的医疗监督。
