Rosenbaum M
Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse. 1979;6(4):431-46. doi: 10.3109/00952997909007054.
This paper is devoted to a discussion of women addicts as mothers. Women who are addicted while pregnant begin their careers as mothers with extreme guilt and a sense of initial failure. Heroin becomes a mechanism for coping with the routine difficulties of childraising. Children can also act as a controlling force on their mother's addiction if she has the option to perform her mothering duties in an otherwise "normal" fashion. If the woman is being supported adequately and can be available for her children, it is possible to combine addiction and mothering. Often, however, the woman has to work outside the home (usually in criminal pursuits) and the general chaos of her life greatly impinges on her ability to fulfill her mothering duties. Children are occasionally mistreated, sometimes neglected physically, and often neglected psychologically by a mother who is frequently absent. Addicted mothers feel extreme guilt and remorse over this neglect, and often take stock of their situation when their roles as a mother is threatened; the children are being taken away physically or growing up and she is losing them to time. The woman addict most often wants "out" of the heroin life when her children and her role as mother--her last remaining option--are in jeopardy.
本文致力于探讨成瘾女性作为母亲的情况。怀孕时就成瘾的女性在开始其母亲生涯时，内心充满极度的愧疚和一种最初的失败感。海洛因成为她们应对育儿日常困难的一种方式。如果母亲有机会以其他“正常”方式履行母亲职责，孩子也可能成为控制其母亲成瘾行为的一种力量。如果女性得到充分支持并能陪伴孩子，那么兼顾成瘾问题和母亲职责是有可能的。然而，通常情况下，这位女性不得不外出工作（通常从事违法活动），而她生活的普遍混乱极大地影响了她履行母亲职责的能力。孩子偶尔会受到虐待，有时在身体上被忽视，而经常不在身边的母亲往往在心理上也忽视他们。成瘾母亲对这种忽视深感愧疚和懊悔，当她们作为母亲的角色受到威胁时，比如孩子被实际带走或逐渐长大，而她正在随着时间失去他们时，她们常常会反思自己的处境。当孩子以及她作为母亲的角色——她最后的选择——处于危险之中时，成瘾女性最常想要摆脱海洛因生活。
