Hell D
Schweiz Arch Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr. 1977;120(2):217-26.
On the basis of epidemiological and psychometric studies we have persued the question how social deviation and drug-consumption could cohere. According to our research the danger of a social deviation (drop out) is the greater the earlier the juveniles begin to take drugs, the more deranged are their original surroundings and the further advanced towards polytoxicomania is their drug abuse. The frequency of drug-consumption corresponds with the number of personal (especially interpersonal) conflicts. In an examination of 4082 20-year-old Swiss men (recruits) 80.2% of the drug-users admitted to have personal difficulties compared to 48.1% of those who take no drgus. 61.2% of the drug-consumers complained about psychic and somatic ailments compared to 33.8% of the drug-abstainers. Youngest and single children consumed drugs significantly more often than elder and eldest brothers and sisters (p less than 0.01). Socio- and psychodynamic backgrounds of the social deviation of drug-consumers are discussed.
基于我们所开展的流行病学和心理测量学研究，我们探究了社会偏差与药物滥用之间可能存在的关联。根据我们的研究，青少年开始吸毒的时间越早，其原生环境越混乱，药物滥用越趋于多药成瘾，那么出现社会偏差（辍学）的风险就越大。药物滥用的频率与个人（尤其是人际间）冲突的数量相关。在对4082名20岁瑞士男性（新兵）进行的调查中，80.2%的吸毒者承认存在个人问题，而不吸毒者这一比例为48.1%。61.2%的药物滥用者抱怨存在心理和躯体疾病，而戒毒者的这一比例为33.8%。最小的孩子和独生子女吸毒的频率明显高于哥哥姐姐（p小于0.01）。本文讨论了吸毒者社会偏差的社会和心理动力学背景。
