Jaskoll T F, Maderson P F, Weiner B E
Teratology. 1978 Dec;18(3):321-32. doi: 10.1002/tera.1420180306.
Single doses of N-formyl hydroxyaminoacetic acid (hadacidin) were injected into chick embryos HH stages 5-30. Embryos surviving for 8+ days total incubation time were recovered and examined for gross and microscopically observable defects. Particular attention was paid to the development of the columella. Survival was only 20%, but a high incidence of cranio-facial and hind limb defects was observed in most age groups. While three categories of columella defect were observed, reflecting some degree of age dependency, this chondrogenic tissue is less susceptible to teratogenic action than other skeletal tissues. The types of columella defect observed are interpreted in the light of a model of cellular interactions in fenestra vestibularis differentiation presented previously. It is concluded that hadacidin produces abnormalities of skeletal differentiation by disrupting morphogenetic, rather than the initiative phases of development of particular elements.
将单剂量的N-甲酰基羟氨基乙酸（哈德酸）注射到处于HH第5-30阶段的鸡胚中。对总孵化时间存活8天以上的胚胎进行回收，并检查其肉眼和显微镜下可见的缺陷。特别关注小柱的发育。存活率仅为20%，但在大多数年龄组中观察到颅面部和后肢缺陷的高发生率。虽然观察到三类小柱缺陷，反映出一定程度的年龄依赖性，但这种软骨形成组织比其他骨骼组织对致畸作用的敏感性较低。根据先前提出的前庭窗分化中细胞相互作用模型，对观察到的小柱缺陷类型进行了解释。得出的结论是，哈德酸通过破坏形态发生，而不是特定元素发育的起始阶段，导致骨骼分化异常。
