Sudraud P, Koziet J
Ann Nutr Aliment. 1978;32(5):1063-71.
Isotopic analysis, determination of radioactivity are factors allowing a better characterization of wines. The analysis of the composition in stable isotopes of the constituants of wine can provide new analytic criteria for characterizing wines. Thus, the concentration of 13C in ethanol can allow the disclosure of an addition of cane sugar or maize sugar to the musts. A study of the composition in stable isotopes of the water of wines of a certain region made it possible to show a correlation between the amount of D and 18O in the water of wine, and the alcohlic concentration. The setting up of the curve showing the decrease of the radioactivity of 14C in the Girondewines allows a determination of the date, accurate to within one year, of these wines. The enzymatic determination of the gluconic acid present in the wines produced from crops attacked by Botrytis Cinerea allows one to estimate the type of rottenness of the grape; the gluconic acid, which is only present in very small quantities in wines produced from sound grapes, represents about 50 p. 100 of the fixed acides of the grapes affected by "noble rottenness" and up to 90 p. 100 in the case of adultarated grapes. Thanks to the recults obtained in 1976, standards are proposed to allow the characterization of the wines produced from grapes affected by "noble rottenness", so that they can be distinguished from, on the one hand, the wines produced from sound grapes, and on the other hand, the wines produced from adultarated grapes.
同位素分析、放射性测定是有助于更好地鉴定葡萄酒的因素。对葡萄酒成分中稳定同位素的分析可为葡萄酒鉴定提供新的分析标准。因此，乙醇中13C的浓度可揭示在葡萄汁中添加了蔗糖或玉米糖。对某一地区葡萄酒中水的稳定同位素组成进行的一项研究表明，葡萄酒水中D和18O的含量与酒精浓度之间存在相关性。绘制吉伦特葡萄酒中14C放射性衰减曲线，可以确定这些葡萄酒的年份，精确到一年以内。通过酶法测定受灰霉病侵袭的作物所酿葡萄酒中存在的葡萄糖酸，可以估计葡萄的腐烂类型；葡萄糖酸在健康葡萄所酿葡萄酒中含量极少，在受“贵腐菌”影响的葡萄中，约占固定酸的50%，在掺假葡萄的情况下则高达90%。得益于1976年取得的成果，提出了一些标准，以便对受“贵腐菌”影响的葡萄所酿葡萄酒进行鉴定，从而使其一方面能与健康葡萄所酿葡萄酒区分开来，另一方面能与掺假葡萄所酿葡萄酒区分开来。
