Erkkilä H, Laatikainen L
Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1979 Oct;57(5):914-21. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1979.tb01858.x.
The ophthalmoscopic features of the optic discs were studied in a series of 411 non-selected school children representing four age groups from 7 to 15 years. The distribution of the cup disc diameter ratios (C/D) showed that in the majority of the eyes (58.8%) the ratio was 0.2--0.3, independently of the age group. The highest ratio recorded, 0.7, was found in two eyes of the series. An asymmetry of 0.2 or more in the C/D ratios of the eyes was found in 5.2% of the children studied. The correlation between C/D ratio and the age or refraction was not statistically significant although C/D ratio of 0.4 or more was significantly commoner in myopia of -2.0 D. or more than in the other eyes. A preponderance of large C/D ratio was also found in children with a birth weight of 2500 g or less but the difference from the distribution in the total series was not significant. Cilioretinal arteries were detected in 17.7% of the eyes and in 27.3% of the subjects studied. In 8.1% of the children the condition was bilateral. In children with a birth weight of 2500 g or less cilioretinal arteries were found in more than half of the cases.
对411名7至15岁四个年龄组的非挑选在校儿童的视盘眼底镜特征进行了研究。杯盘直径比（C/D）的分布表明，在大多数眼睛（58.8%）中，该比值为0.2 - 0.3，与年龄组无关。该系列中记录到的最高比值为0.7，见于两只眼睛。在所研究的儿童中，5.2%的儿童双眼C/D比值不对称达0.2或更大。尽管C/D比值为0.4或更高在近视度数为-2.0 D或更高的眼睛中比在其他眼睛中明显更常见，但C/D比值与年龄或屈光度之间的相关性无统计学意义。出生体重2500 g或更低的儿童中也发现C/D比值偏大者占多数，但与整个系列中的分布差异不显著。在17.7%的眼睛以及27.3%的研究对象中检测到睫状视网膜动脉。8.1%的儿童为双侧性。出生体重2500 g或更低的儿童中，超过半数的病例发现有睫状视网膜动脉。
