Fledelius H
Acta Ophthalmol (Copenh). 1978;56(4):563-73. doi: 10.1111/j.1755-3768.1978.tb01369.x.
In a previous ophthalmic study of ex-prematures around the age of 10 years it was accidentally found that cupping of the optic disc was significantly more pronounced in children of a low birth weight (less than 2000 g) than in full-term controls (Fledelius 1976). This was true for cup size (cup/disc diameter ratio) as well as depth (as indicated by a visible cribriform plate). The present analyses make up an extension of the above study, with additional calculations based on some of its data. Within the ex-prematures (n = 268) the cup size did not seem to be related to birth weight, sex, or visual acuity. Eyes with myopia of prematurity were not especially 'loaded' with large cups. For the whole sample (including the 187 full-term control there was a weak association between cup size and refraction (and axial eye length). Larger cups occurred relatively more often in myopic eyes. Possible mechanisms behind early changes in disc are discussed (astroglial hypothesis--distension of disc--loss of retinal nerve fibers). It is felt that this new observation--large disc cupping as a possible low birth weight sequel--has to be substantiated by further clinical evidence, as statistical type 1 error (mass significance) cannot be ruled out.
在之前一项针对10岁左右早产儿童的眼科研究中，意外发现低出生体重（低于2000克）儿童的视盘杯状凹陷比足月对照组儿童明显更显著（弗莱德利厄斯，1976年）。这在杯状凹陷大小（杯/盘直径比）以及深度（由可见的筛板表示）方面均成立。目前的分析是上述研究的扩展，基于其部分数据进行了额外计算。在早产儿童（n = 268）中，杯状凹陷大小似乎与出生体重、性别或视力无关。早产性近视的眼睛并没有特别“倾向于”出现大杯状凹陷。对于整个样本（包括187名足月对照组），杯状凹陷大小与屈光不正（以及眼轴长度）之间存在微弱关联。较大的杯状凹陷在近视眼中相对更常见。文中讨论了视盘早期变化背后的可能机制（星形胶质细胞假说——视盘扩张——视网膜神经纤维丧失）。有人认为，这一新发现——大视盘杯状凹陷可能是低出生体重的后遗症——必须有进一步的临床证据加以证实，因为不能排除统计1类错误（大量显著性）。
