Nielsen G D
Acta Pharmacol Toxicol (Copenh). 1977 Jan;40(1):75-86. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0773.1977.tb02055.x.
The influence of surgical anaesthesia induced by ketamine, pentobarbital, pentobarbital-xylazine, or chloralose-urethane on blood pressure and heart rate was studied, and the effects were compared with results in conscious and pithed rats. The blood pressure was significantly decreased by pentobarbital-xylazine. The heart rate increased in all groups except in pentobarbital-xylazine anaesthetized rats. Generally, a fall in heart rate and blood pressure was observed during a two hours lasting anaesthesia as compared to the initial values. The blood pressure response to noradrenaline was significantly lowered by ketamine, pentobarbital and chloralose-urethane. Guanethidine 5 mg/kg intravenously significantly lowered the blood pressure in the ketamine, pentobarbital, and chloralose-urethane anaesthetized groups. The guanethidine induced potentiation of the haemodynamic effects of noradrenaline was considerably influenced by the anaesthetic, the augmentation being greatest in pentobarbital and chloralose-urethane anaesthetized rats. Chloralose-urethane is considered a suitable anaesthetic in rats when studying the effects of noradrenaline and guanethidine. Following a single intraperitoneal injection a surgical anaesthesia of more than two hours' duration was obtained, and the variance of the parameters studied was less than that following administration of the other anaesthetics. It is emphasized that various effects of anaesthetics unrelated to their anaesthetic properties may obscure or even invalidate results obtained with drugs acting on the peripheral sympathetic nervous system.
研究了氯胺酮、戊巴比妥、戊巴比妥-赛拉嗪或水合氯醛-乌拉坦诱导的外科麻醉对血压和心率的影响，并将这些影响与清醒大鼠和去脑大鼠的结果进行了比较。戊巴比妥-赛拉嗪使血压显著降低。除戊巴比妥-赛拉嗪麻醉的大鼠外，所有组的心率均升高。一般来说，与初始值相比，在持续两小时的麻醉过程中观察到心率和血压下降。氯胺酮、戊巴比妥和水合氯醛-乌拉坦显著降低了对去甲肾上腺素的血压反应。静脉注射5mg/kg胍乙啶可显著降低氯胺酮、戊巴比妥和水合氯醛-乌拉坦麻醉组的血压。胍乙啶诱导的去甲肾上腺素血流动力学效应增强受到麻醉剂的显著影响，在戊巴比妥和水合氯醛-乌拉坦麻醉的大鼠中增强最大。在研究去甲肾上腺素和胍乙啶的作用时，水合氯醛-乌拉坦被认为是大鼠合适的麻醉剂。单次腹腔注射后可获得持续两小时以上的外科麻醉，且所研究参数的方差小于使用其他麻醉剂后的方差。需要强调的是，麻醉剂的各种与其麻醉特性无关的效应可能会掩盖甚至使作用于外周交感神经系统的药物所获得的结果无效。
