Paxson C L, Adcock E W, Morriss F H
Am J Dis Child. 1977 Feb;131(2):139-41. doi: 10.1001/archpedi.1977.02120150021002.
The osmolalities of breast milk and of 36 products that may be fed to infants were determined by the freezing-point depression method. A wide range of osmolality was observed among formulas that provide 67 kcal/100 ml, and many have osmolalities greater than 400 mOsm/kg of water. Reconstituted powdered formulas have osmolalities that are widely varied from batch to batch, are greater when prepared by scoop measures when the osmolalities of corresponding ready-to-feed formulas, and are greater than the osmolalities of the formulas prepared by weighed measures from the manufacturer's formulation. The osmolality of products for oral consumption should be considered in the selection of formulas for preterm infants.
采用冰点降低法测定了母乳以及36种可供婴儿食用的产品的渗透压。在每100毫升提供67千卡能量的配方奶中，观察到渗透压范围很广，许多配方奶的渗透压高于400毫摩尔/千克水。重构的粉状配方奶批次间渗透压差异很大，用勺子量取冲调时的渗透压高于相应即食配方奶，且高于按照制造商配方称重冲调的配方奶。在为早产儿选择配方奶时，应考虑口服产品的渗透压。
