Duerre J A, Buckley P J
J Bacteriol. 1965 Dec;90(6):1686-91. doi: 10.1128/jb.90.6.1686-1691.1965.
Duerre, John A. (University of North Dakota, Grand Forks), and Patrick J. Buckley. Pigment production from tryptophan by an Achromobacter species. J. Bacteriol. 90:1686-1691. 1965.-A microorganism was isolated from the soil near the University of North Dakota. Biochemical and morphological characteristics indicated that this organism would best be classified as a member of the family Achromobacteraceae, genus Achromobacter, species unknown. The organism produced a red pigment when grown in a medium containing yeast extract and tryptophan. The pH optimum for pigment production was about 8.0 and the optimal temperature was 25 C. During a study of the nutritional requirements for growth and pigment production, it was found that the organism would grow and produce pigment in a medium containing tryptophan and nucleosides, but the rate of both growth and pigment formation in this medium was slower than that observed with tryptophan and yeast extract. The organism grew well in the presence of acid-hydrolyzed casein and nucleosides without producing pigment, indicating that the pigment is not necessary for growth. Resting-cell experiments definitely established tryptophan as the sole exogenous requirement for pigment production. The pigment was extracted from yeast extract-tryptophan medium with chloroform. Thin layer chromatographic analysis of the crude pigment extracted from this medium revealed the presence of two other pigments in addition to the major red pigment. One of these was a highly fluorescent orange pigment and the other a pink pigment. Only the red pigment was produced by resting cells in the presence of tryptophan alone. This pigment served as an electron acceptor when coupled with formic dehydrogenase, indicating its possible function as an oxidation-reduction pigment. The oxidized pigment had absorption peaks at 506 and 304 mmu. The peak at 506 mmu disappeared upon reduction with sodium sulfite. Shaking the reduced pigment in air proved to be an unsatisfactory method for returning the reduced pigment to the oxidized, colored state.
杜尔，约翰·A.（北达科他大学，大福克斯），以及帕特里克·J.巴克利。无色杆菌属一种微生物由色氨酸产生色素。《细菌学杂志》90:1686 - 1691。1965年。——从北达科他大学附近的土壤中分离出一种微生物。生化和形态学特征表明，该生物体最好归类为无色杆菌科、无色杆菌属，种未知。该生物体在含有酵母提取物和色氨酸的培养基中生长时会产生红色色素。色素产生的最适pH约为8.0，最适温度为25℃。在对生长和色素产生的营养需求进行研究期间，发现该生物体在含有色氨酸和核苷的培养基中能够生长并产生色素，但在这种培养基中生长和色素形成的速度比在色氨酸和酵母提取物中观察到的要慢。该生物体在存在酸水解酪蛋白和核苷的情况下生长良好但不产生色素，这表明色素对于生长不是必需的。静息细胞实验明确确定色氨酸是色素产生的唯一外源需求。色素用氯仿从酵母提取物 - 色氨酸培养基中提取。对从该培养基中提取的粗色素进行薄层层析分析表明，除了主要的红色色素外，还存在另外两种色素。其中一种是高度荧光的橙色色素，另一种是粉色色素。仅红色色素在仅存在色氨酸的情况下由静息细胞产生。当与甲酸脱氢酶偶联时，这种色素用作电子受体，表明其可能作为氧化还原色素的功能。氧化态的色素在506和304毫微米处有吸收峰。用亚硫酸钠还原后，506毫微米处的峰消失。在空气中振荡还原态的色素被证明是将还原态色素恢复到氧化态、有色状态的一种不理想方法。
