Frankel F, Simmons J Q
Am J Ment Defic. 1976 Mar;80(5):512-22.
Self-injurious behavior is a problem with some children who are primarily nonverval and low-functioning. This behavior has resulted in management difficulties far out of proportion to its incidence. In the present paper, we have considered possible operant and respondent paradigms instrumental in the acquisition and maintenance of several different topographies of self-injurious behavior. Support for these paradigms was gathered from existing epidemiological literature dealing with humans and primates and from the literature concerned with treatment of self-injurious behavior. Immediate outcome and results of subsequent follow-up were presented as a function of type of intervention, the nature of positive reinforcement utilized, and the topography of the self-injurious response involved. Implications were drawn for future research and treatment.
自伤行为是一些主要无语言能力且功能低下的儿童所存在的问题。这种行为导致的管理困难与其发生率极不相称。在本文中，我们探讨了可能有助于自伤行为的几种不同表现形式的习得和维持的操作性和应答性范式。对这些范式的支持来自于现有的涉及人类和灵长类动物的流行病学文献以及有关自伤行为治疗的文献。作为干预类型、所采用的正强化性质以及所涉及的自伤反应表现形式的函数，呈现了即时结果和后续随访结果。并对未来的研究和治疗提出了启示。
