Relationships between the Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style and psychiatric subclassification.

Examined the ability of a self-report measure of attentional and interpersonal characteristics to discriminate between groups of psychiatric patients and normal controls. Seventy-eight psychiatric patients and 30 nonpsychiatric medical inpatients completed the Test of Attentional and Interpersonal Style (TAIS). Discriminant analyses of TAIS scores showed that: (a) psychiatric patients in comparison with normal controls described themselves as more overloaded by external and internal stimuli and as less effective in narrowing their attentional focus to task-relevant stimuli; (b) good premorbid schizophrenics appeared more externally overloaded and less able to narrow attentional focus than poor premorbid schizophrenics; and (c) psychotics and neurotics described themselves as more introverted and less pleasant in social encounters, while individuals diagnosed as character or personality disorders tended to be more extroverted and impulsive. The results were compatible with past experimental work and clinical reports identifying attentional and interpersonal differences among psychiatric subgroups.