Stafford R A, Petway J M
J Stud Alcohol. 1977 Nov;38(11):2109-21. doi: 10.15288/jsa.1977.38.2109.
Ratings on semantic differential scales indicate strong stigmatization of alcoholic and drink men and women, weaker stigmatization of the spouses of alcoholics and a leveling of sex differences.
语义差异量表上的评分表明,酗酒男性和女性受到强烈的污名化,酗酒者的配偶受到的污名化较弱,且性别差异趋于平缓。