Stolley H, Droese W, Kersting M
Monatsschr Kinderheilkd (1902). 1977 Nov;125(11):929-34.
From 1965--1975 the food intake and energy supply of children aged 2--14 years in families of different social classes were studied with the precise weighing method. The individual child was surveyed on an average of 21--42 successive days. Energy intake increased from 1450 for boys aged 2--3 years to 2600 kcal/day for boys aged 12--14 years, girls of the same age had an energy intake between 1300 to 2400 kcal/day. The differences between boys and girls regarding energy intake, absolute and per kg body weight, are shown. Our results of the energy intake are representative for children of the same age groups in other highly industrialized countries. The energy intake of preschool-children was equally distributed among 4 meals per day, whereas in school-children it was distributed among 5 meals with different energy contents. 35--50% of the energy supply is of animal origin, 60--65% of vegetable origin. The contribution of different food groups to the energy supply and the differences in the intake of these food groups between pre-school-and school-children are demonstrated. For the individual child a survey period of 21--28 days is necessary to obtain its individual average energy intake with the maximum standard deviation. The significance of general averages for the energy supply of age groups regarding the individual child is discussed. The day to day variations of energy intake in children are shown. The significance of these variations for nutrition in health and disease is discussed.
1965年至1975年期间，采用精确称重法对不同社会阶层家庭中2至14岁儿童的食物摄入量和能量供应情况进行了研究。对每个儿童平均连续调查21至42天。能量摄入量从2至3岁男孩的1450千卡/天增加到12至14岁男孩的2600千卡/天，同年龄女孩的能量摄入量在1300至2400千卡/天之间。列出了男孩和女孩在能量摄入量、绝对摄入量和每公斤体重摄入量方面的差异。我们关于能量摄入量的研究结果代表了其他高度工业化国家同年龄组儿童的情况。学龄前儿童的能量摄入量平均分配在每天4餐中，而学龄儿童则分配在5餐中，每餐能量含量不同。能量供应的35%至50%来自动物性食物，60%至65%来自植物性食物。展示了不同食物组对能量供应的贡献以及学龄前儿童和学龄儿童在这些食物组摄入量上的差异。对于每个儿童，需要21至28天的调查期才能获得其个体平均能量摄入量以及最大标准差。讨论了年龄组能量供应总体平均值对个体儿童的意义。展示了儿童能量摄入量的每日变化情况。讨论了这些变化对健康和疾病营养的意义。
