[Long-term intubation (author's transl)].

Establishment of a clear airway has become increasingly frequent and is of high importance, especially in patients with severe injuries, head injuries or intoxications. Though the endotracheal intubation-technique has been improved and soft intubation-tubes are now available, tracheostomy is not rendered unnecessary. However, its indications have changed and have become restricted. This trend was proved by the own experiences in 841 patients. The presuppositions for nasal long-term intubation are described in details.