Benjamin L J, Goldstein B D, Distenfeld A, Troll W
Am J Hematol. 1977;2(3):245-9. doi: 10.1002/ajh.2830020306.
Normal human red cells incubated with saline extracts of tea develop paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria-like defects as demonstrated by positive acid and sucrose hemolysis tests. All of a variety of tea preparations tested provoked a sensitivity to complement-dependent hemolysis and, with one exception, a moderate decrease in red cell acetylcholinesterase activity. Complement-dependent hemolysis in teaincubated red cells was inhibited by antisera to C3 and C3 activator, but not by antisera to C4. This suggests that incubation with tea may alter the red cell membrane in a way that specifically potentiates the lytic effects of the alternate pathway of complement, but not the classic pathway. Leupeptin, a protease inhibitor, also prevented complement-dependent hemolysis of red cells incubated with tea. Although the clinical consequences of these observations are unknown, the study was initiated following a report of a young male who had developed an acute limited intravascular hemolytic episode following ingestion of large quantities of a herbal tea.
用茶叶盐水提取物孵育的正常人红细胞会出现阵发性夜间血红蛋白尿样缺陷，酸溶血试验和蔗糖溶血试验呈阳性可证明这一点。所测试的各种茶叶制剂均引发了对补体依赖性溶血的敏感性，且除一种制剂外，红细胞乙酰胆碱酯酶活性均有适度降低。茶叶孵育红细胞中的补体依赖性溶血可被抗C3和C3激活剂的抗血清抑制，但不能被抗C4抗血清抑制。这表明与茶叶孵育可能会以一种特定增强补体替代途径而非经典途径的溶解作用的方式改变红细胞膜。蛋白酶抑制剂亮肽素也可防止茶叶孵育红细胞的补体依赖性溶血。尽管这些观察结果的临床后果尚不清楚，但该研究是在有报告称一名年轻男性在摄入大量凉茶后发生急性局限性血管内溶血发作后启动的。
