Pain R W
Anaesth Intensive Care. 1977 Nov;5(4):284-94. doi: 10.1177/0310057X7700500403.
The terms mole, molality, molarity, osmole, osmolality, osmolarity, osmolar gap and anion gap are defined and their clinical usefulness indicated. The following body fluid compartments are described: total body water (TBW), extracellular fluid (ECF), intracellular fluid (ICF), transcellular fluid TCF), plasma volume, red cell volume and interstitial fluid volume. Isotope-dilution techniques are briefly discussed and representative normal values for the various compartments according to sex and age are indicated. The physiological mechanisms that maintain the distinctive ionic compositions of the various fluid spaces are briefly outlined. New concepts of the function of the gel matrix and of the lymph drainage of the interstitium are presented. Opposing models to the sodium-potassium membrane pump are briefly described.
定义了摩尔、质量摩尔浓度、物质的量浓度、渗透摩尔、重量克分子渗透压浓度、容积克分子渗透压浓度、渗透摩尔间隙和阴离子间隙等术语，并指出了它们在临床上的用途。描述了以下体液区室：总体水（TBW）、细胞外液（ECF）、细胞内液（ICF）、跨细胞液（TCF）、血浆容积、红细胞容积和间质液容积。简要讨论了同位素稀释技术，并给出了不同区室按性别和年龄划分的代表性正常值。简要概述了维持各种液体空间独特离子组成的生理机制。介绍了凝胶基质功能和间质淋巴引流的新概念。简要描述了与钠钾膜泵相反的模型。
