Thomas D W
Anaesth Intensive Care. 1977 Nov;5(4):361-71. doi: 10.1177/0310057X7700500411.
The body content of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium is important, not only from the structural or supporting aspect, but also from the aspect of cellular function. Membrane integrity, nervous tissue conduction, neuromuscular excitability, muscle contraction, hormone secretion, intermediary metabolism and synthesis, to mention but a few activities, are all influenced by these elements. The normal body content and turnover of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium are outlined, together with a brief description of their physiological roles, emphasizing intracellular functions rather than their predominance within the skeleton. Regulatory mechanisms, particularly for calcium, involving vitamin D and its metabolites, parathormone, and possibly calcitonin, are discussed within the context of maintaining normal body content and turnover. Homeostatic mechanisms maintaining plasma concentrations in health and disease, as far as they have been identified, are also outlined. Lastly, disorders of calcium, phosphorus and magnesium turnover are considered from the aspect of altered plasma concentrations of these substances. Throughout emphasis is given to common problems and their practical management. Metabolic bone disease and uncommon disorders of bone and bone mineral are not discussed specifically.
钙、磷和镁的身体含量很重要，不仅体现在结构或支撑方面，还体现在细胞功能方面。膜完整性、神经组织传导、神经肌肉兴奋性、肌肉收缩、激素分泌、中间代谢与合成等诸多活动，都受这些元素影响。本文概述了钙、磷和镁的正常身体含量及周转情况，并简要描述了它们的生理作用，重点强调细胞内功能而非它们在骨骼中的主导地位。在维持正常身体含量及周转的背景下，讨论了特别是钙的调节机制，涉及维生素D及其代谢产物、甲状旁腺激素，可能还有降钙素。还概述了在健康和疾病状态下维持血浆浓度的稳态机制（就已确定的而言）。最后，从这些物质血浆浓度改变的角度考虑钙、磷和镁周转的紊乱情况。通篇重点关注常见问题及其实际处理方法。代谢性骨病以及骨骼和骨矿物质的罕见病症未作具体讨论。
