代币经济对接受血液透析儿童饮食依从性的影响。
The effect of a token economy on dietary compliance for children on hemodialysis.
作者信息
Magrab P R, Papadopoulou Z L
出版信息
J Appl Behav Anal. 1977 Winter;10(4):573-8. doi: 10.1901/jaba.1977.10-573.
Adherence to dietary restrictions is a recurring problem for children on hemodialysis. The effect of behavior modification in maintaining dietary control is reported for four patients aged 11 to 18 years. Weight gain, potassium level, and blood urea nitrogen were utilized as criteria measures. A token reinforcement program implemented by the hemodialysis team resulted in significant changes in the dietary pattern of the children. The average weight gain between dialysis sessions for the four subjects during treatment was reduced by 45% and the degree of weight fluctuation was lessened. Potassium levels and BUN were controlled to their appropriate level for subjects who initially exceeded the criterion level. With the withdrawal of weight gain from the contingency system, increase of weight gain between dialysis sessions was noted for all subjects.
坚持饮食限制对接受血液透析的儿童来说是一个反复出现的问题。本文报告了行为矫正对4名11至18岁接受血液透析儿童维持饮食控制的影响。以体重增加、血钾水平和血尿素氮作为标准指标。由血液透析团队实施的代币强化计划使这些儿童的饮食模式发生了显著变化。治疗期间，4名受试者透析间期的平均体重增加减少了45%，体重波动程度减轻。对于最初超过标准水平的受试者，血钾水平和血尿素氮被控制在适当水平。当从应急系统中去除体重增加因素后，所有受试者透析间期的体重增加均出现回升。
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