Koga E
Folia Psychiatr Neurol Jpn. 1977;31(4):625-43. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1819.1977.tb00134.x.
All night sleep was recorded polygraphically on 14 healthy adults, once for each person, and EEG was analyzed with bandpass filters. The integrated values during successive 10 second epochs were recorded consecutively at 1 mm intervals, separately for each frequency band. The variations of integrated values for long time span were clearly observed. The findings on 1-2 Hz component are reported exclusively in this report. (1) Four variation patterns were classified on the variations of integrated values of 1-2 Hz band component; long undulation, short undulation, irregular undulation and slight fluctuation. Short undulation was superimposed on long undulation. Long undulation had a gradually increasing slope, a plateau and steeply decreasing slope. Irregular undulation showed generally irregular fluctuations, without any definite variation patterns. During slight fluctuation the variations were small. Long undulation and irregular undulation corresponded to slow-wave sleep and slight fluctuation corresponded to REM sleep. The mean duration of each long undulation and irregular undulation was 31.2 and 11.9 minutes, respectively. In long undulations, 62.8% of the time was occupied by Stage 2 and the lesser ratio by Stages 3 and 4. In irregular undulation 89.1% of the time corresponded to Stage 2. (2) One sleep cycle was composed of the three sleep states which were accompanied with variation patterns, long undulation, irregular undulation and slight fluctuation. The sequence of the appearance of the former two patterns in one sleep cycle was classified into four types. About half of the sleep cycles in all records exhibited Type 1; the pattern started with long undulation, after one or several long undulations followed by irregular undulation and proceeded to slight fluctuation. The average number of long indulation in one sleep cycle was 1.58. (3) On all records, the highest long undulations appeared in the first cycle of all night sleep, in both frontal and central areas. In the occipital area, some of the highest crests appeared in the second cycle. When the highest of long undulations appeared, the height tended to decrease prior to wakening. The crest line of long undulation in frontal and central areas crossed in the latter period of all night sleep, in five controls. The mean voltage of long undulation in frontal, central and occipital areas was 52.4, 42.5 and 23.5 microvolts, respectively. The underlying physiological mechanism of delta waves in human sleep EEG and possible brain structures essential for long undulation and irregular undulation were discussed from both the clinical and experimental aspects.
对14名健康成年人进行了全夜睡眠的多导记录，每人记录一次，并使用带通滤波器对脑电图进行分析。在连续的10秒时间段内，以1毫米的间隔连续记录每个频段的积分值。清晰地观察到了长时间跨度内积分值的变化。本报告专门报道了1-2赫兹成分的研究结果。（1）根据1-2赫兹频段成分积分值的变化，分为四种变化模式：长波动、短波动、不规则波动和轻微波动。短波动叠加在长波动之上。长波动具有逐渐上升的斜率、一个平台和急剧下降的斜率。不规则波动通常表现为不规则的波动，没有任何确定的变化模式。在轻微波动期间，变化很小。长波动和不规则波动对应于慢波睡眠，轻微波动对应于快速眼动睡眠。每个长波动和不规则波动的平均持续时间分别为31.2分钟和11.9分钟。在长波动中，62.8%的时间由第2阶段占据，第3和第4阶段所占比例较小。在不规则波动中，89.1%的时间对应于第2阶段。（2）一个睡眠周期由三种睡眠状态组成，分别伴有长波动、不规则波动和轻微波动的变化模式。一个睡眠周期中前两种模式出现的顺序分为四种类型。所有记录中约一半的睡眠周期表现为类型1；模式开始于长波动，在一个或几个长波动之后接着是不规则波动，然后进入轻微波动。一个睡眠周期中长波动的平均数量为1.58。（3）在所有记录中，最高的长波动出现在全夜睡眠的第一个周期，在额叶和中央区域均是如此。在枕叶区域，一些最高波峰出现在第二个周期。当最高的长波动出现时，其高度在醒来前趋于下降。在5名对照者中，额叶和中央区域长波动的波峰线在全夜睡眠后期相交。额叶、中央和枕叶区域长波动的平均电压分别为52.4、42.5和23.5微伏。从临床和实验两个方面讨论了人类睡眠脑电图中δ波的潜在生理机制以及长波动和不规则波动所必需的可能脑结构。
