Ponzetto A, Hoofnagle J H, Seeff L B
Gastroenterology. 1984 Dec;87(6):1213-6.
Fifty lots of immune serum globulin prepared by four United States manufacturers between 1944 and 1977 were tested for the presence and titer of antibody to the hepatitis B virus-associated delta-agent. Anti-delta was detected in 28 of the 50 lots (56%) of immune serum globulin at titers ranging from 1:10 to 1:400. Anti-delta was present in 75% (6 of 8) of lots produced between 1962 and 1965, in 77% (17 of 21) produced between 1967 and 1970, in 45% (5 of 11) produced between 1971 and 1972 and in none (0 of 9) produced since 1973. A single lot of globulin prepared from plasma that was collected in 1944 from United States Army soldiers also contained detectable anti-delta. These data indicate that delta-infection has been occurring among hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carriers in the United States since the 1940s. The decrease in prevalence of anti-delta in immune serum globulin lots coincided with the start of routine HBsAg screening of blood and plasma. The elimination of HBsAg-positive units from plasma pools has reduced levels of HBsAg and anti-delta and should have decreased the risk of transmission of both type B hepatitis and delta-hepatitis by plasma products.
对美国四家制造商在1944年至1977年间制备的50批免疫血清球蛋白进行检测，以确定是否存在针对乙型肝炎病毒相关δ因子的抗体及其滴度。在50批免疫血清球蛋白中，有28批（56%）检测到抗δ抗体，滴度范围为1:10至1:400。1962年至1965年间生产的批次中有75%（8批中的6批）存在抗δ抗体，1967年至1970年间生产的批次中有77%（21批中的17批）存在，1971年至1972年间生产的批次中有45%（11批中的5批）存在，而1973年以后生产的批次中均未检测到（9批中的0批）。1944年从美国陆军士兵采集的血浆制备的一批球蛋白也含有可检测到的抗δ抗体。这些数据表明，自20世纪40年代以来，美国的乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）携带者中一直存在δ感染。免疫血清球蛋白批次中抗δ抗体流行率的下降与血液和血浆常规HBsAg筛查的开始相吻合。从血浆库中去除HBsAg阳性单位降低了HBsAg和抗δ抗体的水平，应该降低了血浆制品传播乙型肝炎和δ型肝炎的风险。
