Alkon D L
Science. 1984 Nov 30;226(4678):1037-45. doi: 10.1126/science.6093258.
Learning behavior similar to vertebrate classical conditioning was demonstrated for the mollusc Hermissenda crassicornis. Postsynaptic membrane changes within well-defined neural systems that mediate the learning play a casual role in recording the learned association for later recall. Specific ionic currents in neural tissue undergo transformations lasting days after associative training with physiologic stimuli. During acquisition the intracellular calcium increases; this increase is accompanied by specific potassium current reduction that lasts for days after conditioning. The increase of calcium enhances calmodulin-dependent phosphorylation of proteins that either regulate or are part of ion channels. These currents and the conditions that precede their transformation occur in many types of vertebrate neurons, and hence this biophysical basis of Hermissenda learning could have relevance for species other than the gastropod studied.
已证明软体动物粗角海兔（Hermissenda crassicornis）具有类似于脊椎动物经典条件作用的学习行为。在介导学习的明确神经系统内，突触后膜变化在记录所学关联以供日后回忆方面起着因果作用。神经组织中的特定离子电流在与生理刺激进行联合训练后会发生持续数天的转变。在习得过程中，细胞内钙增加；这种增加伴随着特定钾电流的减少，这种减少在条件作用后会持续数天。钙的增加增强了钙调蛋白依赖性的蛋白质磷酸化，这些蛋白质要么调节离子通道，要么是离子通道的一部分。这些电流及其转变前所存在的条件在许多类型的脊椎动物神经元中都会出现，因此粗角海兔学习的这种生物物理基础可能与所研究的腹足纲动物以外的其他物种相关。
