Griffiths P D
Clin Haematol. 1984 Oct;13(3):631-44.
The many methods used for identifying cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompromised patients are discussed. In general, the diagnosis is best made by detecting virus rather than by looking for evidence of an immune response, since the ability of patients to respond immunologically is obviously impaired. Until recently the laboratory took two or three weeks to culture the virus, but more modern methods seem to be capable of providing the same service within 24 hours. These developments will allow infections to be diagnosed sufficiently early for the patients to be entered into trials of potential antiviral agents and for any therapeutic response to be monitored. These modern diagnostic methods are discussed, as is the usefulness of collecting clinical specimens from different anatomical areas as a way of distinguishing symptomatic CMV infection from viral shedding in a patient whose disease is not caused by CMV.
本文讨论了用于识别免疫功能低下患者巨细胞病毒（CMV）感染的多种方法。一般来说，最好通过检测病毒来进行诊断，而不是寻找免疫反应的证据，因为患者的免疫反应能力明显受损。直到最近，实验室培养病毒仍需要两到三周的时间，但更现代的方法似乎能够在24小时内提供同样的检测结果。这些进展将使感染能够被足够早期地诊断出来，以便患者能够进入潜在抗病毒药物的试验，并监测任何治疗反应。本文将讨论这些现代诊断方法，以及从不同解剖部位收集临床标本作为区分有症状的CMV感染与非CMV引起疾病患者的病毒脱落的一种方法的实用性。
