Scavarda N J, Hartl D L
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Dec;81(23):7515-9. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.23.7515.
A DNA fragment that includes the wild-type rosy (ry+) gene of Drosophila melanogaster has been introduced by microinjection into the germ line of the reproductively isolated species Drosophila simulans and incorporated into the D. simulans genome. Transformation was mediated by the transposable element P, which occurs in the genome of most natural populations of D. melanogaster but not in D. simulans. Rubin and Spradling [Rubin, G.M. & Spradling, A.C. (1982) Science 218, 348-353] have previously shown that the ry+ DNA fragment, which is flanked by recognition sequences of P element, can transform the germ line of D. melanogaster. Successful transformation in D. simulans indicates that the P element continues to function as a transposable element in the D. simulans genome. Moreover, the ry+ gene of D. melanogaster functions in the genome of D. simulans to produce normal eye color, despite the estimated 1 to 5 million yr of reproductive isolation since the evolutionary divergence of these species. Interspecific DNA transformation provides a useful method for the study of genetic differences affecting gene expression among related but reproductively isolated species.
一段包含黑腹果蝇野生型朱红眼（ry+）基因的DNA片段已通过显微注射导入生殖隔离物种拟暗果蝇的种系中，并整合到拟暗果蝇基因组中。转化由转座元件P介导，P元件存在于大多数黑腹果蝇自然种群的基因组中，但不存在于拟暗果蝇中。鲁宾和斯普拉德林[鲁宾，G.M. & 斯普拉德林，A.C.（1982年）《科学》218卷，348 - 353页]先前已表明，侧翼为P元件识别序列的ry+ DNA片段可转化黑腹果蝇的种系。在拟暗果蝇中的成功转化表明P元件在拟暗果蝇基因组中继续作为转座元件发挥作用。此外，尽管自这些物种进化分歧以来估计已有100万至500万年的生殖隔离，但黑腹果蝇的ry+基因在拟暗果蝇基因组中仍能发挥作用产生正常的眼色。种间DNA转化为研究影响相关但生殖隔离物种间基因表达的遗传差异提供了一种有用的方法。
