Andzhaparidze A G, Balaian M S, Savinskaia S S, Mamedov M K, Annenkov A E
Vopr Virusol. 1984 Sep-Oct;29(5):559-66.
Direct and immune electron microscopy was used to determine the frequency of finding of hepatitis A virus (HAV) and other viral agents in feces of patients in relation to the diagnosis and epidemiological situation. HAV-containing excretions from patients were analysed ultrastructurally. The highest frequency of HAV detection was established in patients in a water-borne and food-borne outbreak of hepatitis A (HA) and was 40.9% and 36.9%, respectively. In patients with HA diagnosis in the period of a seasonal rise of HA incidence HAV particles were found in 11.8%, and in the interseasonal period in 5%. Apart from HAV particles, in a small per cent of patients with HA diagnosis adenovirus and enterovirus particles were found. In patients with the disease diagnosed as hepatitis B (HB) only adenovirus and enterovirus particles were found. In contrast to the patients with HAV and HB diagnosis, the patients who were combined into a conditional "non-hepatitis" group were found to have, in addition to HAV (in the period of seasonal rise of HA incidence), adenovirus and enterovirus particles, also particles of astrovirus, coronavirus, and rotavirus. In fecal specimens of patients containing typical HAV particles structures were found resembling individual fragments of empty HAV particles, antibody-covered 17-22 nm and 27 nm spherical structures poorly reacting with antibody.
采用直接免疫电子显微镜法，根据诊断结果和流行病学情况，确定甲型肝炎病毒（HAV）及其他病毒病原体在患者粪便中的检出频率。对患者含HAV的排泄物进行超微结构分析。在水源性和食源性甲型肝炎（HA）暴发的患者中，HAV检测频率最高，分别为40.9%和36.9%。在HA发病率季节性上升期间诊断为HA的患者中，11.8%的患者粪便中发现了HAV颗粒；在非季节性期间，这一比例为5%。除HAV颗粒外，在一小部分诊断为HA的患者粪便中还发现了腺病毒和肠道病毒颗粒。在诊断为乙型肝炎（HB）的患者粪便中，仅发现了腺病毒和肠道病毒颗粒。与诊断为HAV和HB的患者不同，被归为条件性“非肝炎”组的患者，除了在HA发病率季节性上升期间检出HAV外，还检出了腺病毒、肠道病毒颗粒，以及星状病毒、冠状病毒和轮状病毒颗粒。在含有典型HAV颗粒的患者粪便标本中，发现了类似于空HAV颗粒单个片段的结构、抗体覆盖的17 - 22纳米和27纳米球形结构，这些结构与抗体反应较弱。
