Activation of the human neutrophil secretory process with 5(S),12(R)-dihydroxy-6,14-cis-8,10-trans-eicosatetraenoic acid.

Exposure of human neutrophils to 5(S),12(R)-dihydroxy-6,14-cis-8,10-trans-eicosatetraenoic acid (leukotriene B4, LTB4) resulted in a time- and concentration- (10(-9)-10(-6) M) dependent extracellular release of granule-associated lysozyme and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Enzyme extrusion was negligible if cells were not pretreated with cytochalasin B prior to exposure to LTB4. A time-dependent deactivation of granule exocytosis was observed in neutrophils which were stimulated with LTB4 prior to contact with cytochalasin B. LTB4-induced enzyme release was markedly enhanced in the presence of extracellular calcium. Nevertheless, significant enzyme discharge occurred in the absence of extracellular calcium, and the percent of total activity released was not altered in the presence of EGTA. The calmodulin antagonist, trifluoperazine (TFP), and the intracellular calcium antagonist, 8-(N,N-diethylamino)-octyl-(3,4,5-trimethoxy)benzoate hydrochloride (TMB-8), caused a dose-related inhibition of enzyme release from LTB4-stimulated neutrophils. Degranulation was suppressed by the glycolytic inhibitor, 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG), and the sulfhydryl reagents iodoacetic acid (IA) and N-ethylmaleimide (NEM). Sodium cyanide was inactive. Two inhibitors of transmethylation, 3-deazaadenosine (3-DZA) and L-homocysteine thiolactone (HCTL), alone or in combination, had no effect on LTB4-elicited degranulation. The protein synthesis inhibitor, cycloheximide, was inactive. Neutrophils pretreated with LTB4 or 5(S),12(R),20-trihydroxy-6,14-cis-8,10-trans-eicosatetraenoic acid (20-OH-LTB4, an omega-oxidation metabolite of LTB4) were desensitized to the subsequent exposure to LTB4. Cross-desensitization was also demonstrated between LTB4 and 20-OH-LTB4. The stimulus specific nature of LTB4-induced desensitization of neutrophil degranulation was demonstrated by the fact that cells exposed to 1-O-hexadecyl/octadecyl-2-O-acetyl-sn-glyceryl-3-phosphorylcholine (AGEPC) or N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (FMLP) were capable of inducing granule exocytosis from LTB4-pretreated neutrophils. Enzyme release from LTB4-treated cells was suppressed with the phospholipase inhibitor, 4-bromophenacyl bromide (4-BPB), the cyclooxygenase/lipoxygenase inhibitor, ETYA, and the 5-lipoxygenase inhibitor, U-60, 257. However, the cyclooxygenase inhibitor, flurbiprofen, exerted a weak suppressive effect on LTB4-induced degranulation.