Everett R D
EMBO J. 1984 Dec 20;3(13):3135-41. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb02270.x.
The transcriptional programme of the herpes viruses is organised into three principal phases. The immediate-early (IE) genes are the first to be transcribed, by the pre-existing host RNA polymerase II, and their promoters are strongly stimulated by a polypeptide component of the virus particle. The E and L gene promoters become active only after the appearance of IE gene products. Genetic and biochemical evidence has shown that the HSV-1 IE polypeptide Vmw175 (ICP 4) is essential for the trans activation of HSV early promoters, but the role of none of the other four IE gene products was known. This paper describes functional tests that show, by co-transfection of recombinant plasmids into HeLa cells, that (i) Vmw175 alone can activate an HSV-1 E gene promoter, (ii) the four other HSV-1 IE gene products by themselves are unable to activate transcription, (iii) the combination of Vmw175 plus the product of IE gene 1, Vmw110 (ICP 0), is a much better activator than Vmw175 alone, (iv) cloned IE gene products of human cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoseter virus (VZV) and pseudorabies virus (PRV) can also activate transcription from an HSV-1 early promoter, and (v) this activation also occurs with cellular promoters.
疱疹病毒的转录程序分为三个主要阶段。立即早期（IE）基因是最早由宿主细胞中预先存在的RNA聚合酶II转录的基因，其启动子受到病毒粒子多肽成分的强烈刺激。E基因和L基因的启动子只有在IE基因产物出现后才会激活。遗传学和生物化学证据表明，单纯疱疹病毒1型（HSV-1）的IE多肽Vmw175（ICP 4）对于HSV早期启动子的反式激活至关重要，但其他四种IE基因产物的作用尚不清楚。本文描述了一些功能测试，通过将重组质粒共转染到HeLa细胞中表明：（i）单独的Vmw175能够激活HSV-1的E基因启动子；（ii）其他四种HSV-1的IE基因产物自身不能激活转录；（iii）Vmw175与IE基因1的产物Vmw110（ICP 0）共同作用时，其激活能力比单独的Vmw175强得多；（iv）人巨细胞病毒（CMV）、水痘-带状疱疹病毒（VZV）和伪狂犬病病毒（PRV）的克隆IE基因产物也能激活HSV-1早期启动子的转录；（v）这种激活作用在细胞启动子中也会发生。
