Kolb E
Z Gesamte Inn Med. 1984 Dec 15;39(24):605-11.
It is reported on recent recognitions in the activation of cellular oncogens by carcinogens, by exchange (translocation) of genes within various chromosomes as well as by infection by the proviruses DNA of retroviruses. Cellular oncogens can be activated by a mutation already by the exchange of a base in a desoxyribonucleotide. Mutations develop under the influence of carcinogens. The protein changed in a amino acid portion accepts transforming properties. The Epstein-Barr virus furthers the increase of the number of B-lymphocytes. In this case may take place a translocation of the oncogen c-myc of the chromosome 8 into the region of the gen-recombination for the formation of the polypeptide chains of the immunoglobulins in the chromosomes 2, 14, and 22, respectively: in this area is an acceleration factor for the transcription. Cellular oncogens may be activated by retroviruses also by the long terminal repetitive parts of the proviruses. Papilloma viruses relatively frequently appear in the carcinomas of the cervix.
据报道，近期发现致癌物可通过激活细胞癌基因、不同染色体间基因交换（易位）以及逆转录病毒前病毒DNA感染来引发癌症。细胞癌基因可因脱氧核糖核苷酸中一个碱基的交换突变而被激活。突变在致癌物的影响下发生。氨基酸部分发生改变的蛋白质具有转化特性。爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒会促使B淋巴细胞数量增加。在这种情况下，染色体8上的癌基因c-myc可能分别易位到染色体2、14和22上免疫球蛋白多肽链基因重组区域：该区域存在转录加速因子。逆转录病毒的前病毒长末端重复序列也可能激活细胞癌基因。乳头瘤病毒相对频繁地出现在宫颈癌中。
