Within a very short time the application of molecular biology to cancer research has resulted in an essential change and extension of our knowledge of transformation processes and tumor development. For the first time these mechanisms can be understood in a causal manner and causal cancer therapy seems to be possible in the near future. In this manuscript an attempt is made to give a brief survey of the influence of oncogenes on carcinogenesis. An account is given of the origin of viral oncogenes, viral mechanisms of cell transformation and activation of cellular oncogenes. Additionally, kinetics and targets of tumor proteins are discussed. The complexity and diversity of genetic regulation of growth and differentiation is discussed in some well known diseases such as chronic myeloid leukemia, Burkitt lymphoma, retinoblastoma and acute myeloid leukemia.
在很短的时间内，分子生物学在癌症研究中的应用已使我们对转化过程和肿瘤发展的认识发生了根本性的改变和扩展。这些机制首次能够从因果关系上得到理解，并且在不久的将来，因果性癌症治疗似乎成为可能。在本手稿中，我们试图简要概述癌基因对致癌作用的影响。文中介绍了病毒癌基因的起源、细胞转化的病毒机制以及细胞癌基因的激活。此外，还讨论了肿瘤蛋白的动力学和作用靶点。在一些著名疾病如慢性粒细胞白血病、伯基特淋巴瘤、视网膜母细胞瘤和急性髓细胞白血病中，探讨了生长和分化的遗传调控的复杂性和多样性。
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